Shloka 6

जागर्ति च कथं दण्ड: प्रजास्ववहितात्मक: । कश्न पूर्वापरमिदं जागर्ति प्रतिपालयन्‌

jāgarti ca kathaṃ daṇḍaḥ prajāsva-vahita-ātmakaḥ | kaś ca pūrvāparam idaṃ jāgarti pratipālayan ||

जागर्ति च कथं दण्डः प्रजास्ववहितात्मकः। कश्च नु पूर्वापरमिदं जागर्ति प्रतिपालयन्?

जागर्तिis awake / keeps vigil
जागर्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजागृ
FormLat (Present Indicative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
दण्डःthe rod (punishment/authority)
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजासुamong the subjects/creatures
प्रजासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
अवहितात्मकःwhose nature is attentive / vigilant-minded
अवहितात्मकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअवहित-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पूर्वापरम्the former and the latter (past and future / earlier and later)
पूर्वापरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व-अपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जागर्तिis awake / keeps vigil
जागर्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजागृ
FormLat (Present Indicative), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रतिपालयन्protecting / governing
प्रतिपालयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-पाल्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछ्िर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Daṇḍa (principle of punishment/governance)
P
Prajā (subjects/people)
J
Jagat (the world, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames governance (daṇḍa) as vigilant, welfare-oriented discipline, and raises the deeper question of what ultimate principle sustains moral and temporal order—implying that just rule mirrors a higher, watchful order that preserves the world.

In the Śānti Parva’s discourse on rājadharma, Yudhiṣṭhira questions how the ruler’s coercive authority can remain constantly alert for the people’s good, and he asks who (or what) continually safeguards the world’s ordered continuity.