Shloka 8

Adhyāya 118: Saciva-parīkṣā

Testing and Appointment of Ministers/Servants

Devanagari script

त॑ दृष्टवा सिंहमायान्तं नाग: सिंहभयार्दित: । ऋषिं शरणमापेदे वेपमानो भयातुर:,उस सिंहको आते देख वह हाथी उसके भयसे पीड़ित एवं आतुर हो थर-थर काँपने लगा और ऋषिकी शरणमें गया

Transliteration

taṁ dṛṣṭvā siṁham āyāntaṁ nāgaḥ siṁha-bhayārditaḥ | ṛṣiṁ śaraṇam āpede vepamāno bhayāturaḥ ||

Translation

तं सिंहमायान्तं दृष्ट्वा नागः सिंहभयार्दितः । भयातुरो वेपमानो ऋषिं शरणमापेदे ॥

Word by Word

• तत्: that (him/it)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: n, accusative, singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage-neutral)

• सिंहम्: lion
• सिंहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह
• Form: m, accusative, singular

• आयान्तम्: coming/approaching
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + या
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), m, accusative, singular

• नागः: elephant
• नागः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग
• Form: m, nominative, singular

• सिंहभयार्दितः: afflicted by fear of the lion
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सिंह-भय-आर्दित
• Form: m, nominative, singular

• ऋषिम्: sage
• ऋषिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि
• Form: m, accusative, singular

• शरणम्: refuge
• शरणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण
• Form: n, accusative, singular

• आपेदे: took refuge / approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + पद्
• Form: perfect (लिट्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

• वेपमानः: trembling
• Type: Verb
• Root: वेप्
• Form: शानच् (present middle participle), m, nominative, singular

• भयातुरः: distressed by fear
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भय-आतुर
• Form: m, nominative, singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• lion (siṁha)
• elephant (nāga)
• sage (ṛṣi)
• refuge (śaraṇa)