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Shloka 40

Vyāghra–Gomāyu Saṃvāda (व्याघ्रगोमायु संवाद) — Testing Character Beneath Appearances

तं॑ तथा सुकृतं दृष्टवा पूज्यमानं स्वकर्मसु । प्राद्धिषन्‌ कृतसंघाता: पूर्वभृत्या मुहुर्मुहु:

taṁ tathā sukṛtaṁ dṛṣṭvā pūjyamānaṁ svakarmasu | prāddhiṣan kṛtasaṅghātāḥ pūrvabhṛtyā muhurmuhuḥ ||

तं तथा सुकृतं दृष्ट्वा पूज्यमानं स्वकर्मसु । प्राद्विषन् कृतसंघाताः पूर्वभृत्या मुहुर्मुहुः ॥

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सुकृतम्well-done, of good conduct
सुकृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुकृत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
पूज्यमानम्being honored
पूज्यमानम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूज्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular, Passive
स्वकर्मसुin (his) own duties/works
स्वकर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
प्राद्विषन्they hated, they bore malice
प्राद्विषन्:
TypeVerb
Rootद्विष्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
कृतसंघाताःhaving formed a group; banded together
कृतसंघाताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतसंघात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पूर्वभृत्याःformer servants/retainers
पूर्वभृत्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्वभृत्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मुहुःagain and again
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः
मुहुःrepeatedly
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः

शार्टूल उवाच

शार्टूल (Śārṭūla, speaker)
F
former servants/retainers (pūrvabhṛtyāḥ)
T
the honored man (unnamed in this verse)

Educational Q&A

Excellence in one’s rightful work (svakarma) naturally attracts honor, but it can also trigger envy; ethical steadiness requires not being shaken by others’ resentment and recognizing jealousy as a common social reaction to merit.

A man is performing his duties very well and is publicly praised; seeing this, the former royal servants band together and repeatedly develop hostility toward him.