Shloka 16
Nīti-upadeśa to a Rājaputra: Self-restraint, Alliances, and Rival-Management (नीतिउपदेशः)
तुम बुद्धिमानोंके विश्वासभाजन बनकर अपने महाशत्रुके राज्यमें सानन्द विचरण करो और कुत्ते, हिरन, तथा कौओंकी तरह” चौकन्ने रहकर निरर्थक बर्तावोंद्वारा विदेहराजके प्रति मित्रधर्मका पालन करो ।।
Bhīṣma uvāca: tvaṁ buddhimānāṁ viśvāsabhājanaṁ bhūtvā svamahāśatro rājyamadhye sānandaṁ vicarasva; śva-mṛga-kāka-vat ca sāvadhāno bhūtvā nirarthaka-ceṣṭābhiḥ Videharājaṁ prati mitradharmaṁ pālaya. ārambhāṁś ca asya mahato duścarāṁś ca prayojaya; nadīvat ca virodhāṁś ca balavadbhir virudhyatām.
प्राज्ञविश्वासभाजो भूत्वा महाशत्रोः पुरे सुखम् । विचरेथाः शुनामृगकाकवत् सुसमाहितः ॥ विदेहराजं प्रति च मित्रधर्मं बहिर्वहन् । अनर्थकैरिव कर्मभिः प्रच्छन्नं साधयेन्नयम् ॥ आरम्भांश्चास्य महतो दुश्चरांश्च प्रयोजय । नदीवच्च विरोधांश्च बलवद्भिर्विरुध्यताम् ॥
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma outlines a hard-edged principle of rajaniti: maintain the outward form of friendship and trustworthiness while remaining constantly vigilant, and weaken an enemy indirectly by steering him into overambitious projects and entangling conflicts with stronger powers—thus exhausting his resources without open breach at first.
In Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance, Bhishma advises a policy of covert maneuvering: the agent (or ruler) should circulate within the enemy’s realm as a trusted friend of the Videha king, masking intent through innocuous behavior, while quietly engineering situations that overextend the enemy and provoke formidable rivalries.