Shloka 18

अपामिव महावेगस्त्रस्ता इव महामृगा: । दुर्निवार्यतमा चैव प्रभग्ना महती चमू:,यदि विशाल सेनामें भगदड़ मच जाती है तो उसे जलके महान्‌ वेगके समान तथा भयभीत हुए महामृगोंके समान रोकना अत्यन्त कठिन हो जाता है

apām iva mahāvegas trastā iva mahāmṛgāḥ | durnivāryatamā caiva prabhagnā mahatī camūḥ ||

अपामिव महावेगाः त्रस्ताः इव महामृगाः। दुर्निवार्यतमा चैव प्रभग्ना महती चमूः॥

अपाम्of waters
अपाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महावेगःa great rush/strong current
महावेगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहावेग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रस्ताःfrightened
त्रस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महामृगाःgreat wild beasts
महामृगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहामृग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दुर्निवार्यतमाःmost difficult to restrain
दुर्निवार्यतमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्निवार्यतम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रभग्नाbroken/disordered (routed)
प्रभग्ना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-भञ्ज्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
महतीgreat/large
महती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
चमूःarmy/host
चमूः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचमू
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
camū (army)
A
ap (waters)
M
mahāmṛga (great beasts)

Educational Q&A

Once collective fear spreads and an army’s formation and morale collapse, control becomes extremely hard; therefore a leader must prevent panic early through discipline, clear command, and steadiness.

In Bhishma’s instruction, he uses vivid similes—floodwaters and terrified large animals—to explain how a routed, stampeding host becomes nearly unmanageable, emphasizing the practical realities of war and governance.