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Shloka 33

Adhyāya 6: Śibira-dvāra-sthita Bhūta-varṇana and Aśvatthāmā’s Śaraṇāgati to Mahādeva

कपर्दिनं देवदेवमुमापतिमनामयम्‌

sañjaya uvāca | kapardinaṃ devadevam umāpatim anāmayam | bhagavān śaṅkaraḥ tapasyāyāṃ parākrame ca sarvadevatābhyo 'dhikaḥ; ataḥ aham evaṃvidhaṃ roga-śoka-rahitaṃ jaṭājūṭa-dhāriṇaṃ devānām api devaṃ bhagavatyā umāyāḥ prāṇavallabhaṃ kapāla-mālā-dhāriṇaṃ bhaganetra-vināśakaṃ pāpahāriṇaṃ triśūla-dhāriṇaṃ parvata-śayanaṃ rudradevaṃ śaraṇaṃ gacchāmi ||

कपर्दिनं देवदेवमुमापतिमनामयम् ।

कपर्दिनम्the matted-haired one
कपर्दिनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकपर्दिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
देवदेवम्the god of gods
देवदेवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेवदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उमापतिम्the lord of Umā
उमापतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउमापति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनामयम्free from disease/sorrow
अनामयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनामय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śiva (Śaṅkara/Rudra/Kapardin/Devadeva)
U
Umā (Pārvatī)
B
Bhaga
T
Triśūla (trident)
K
Kapāla-mālā (garland of skulls)
P
Parvata (mountain)

Educational Q&A

In the midst of catastrophic violence, the verse frames ethical and psychological refuge as turning to a higher principle: Śiva is praised as supreme in tapas (self-mastery) and parākrama (power), and as pāpahārin (sin-remover). The teaching emphasizes seeking purification, protection, and steadiness through devotion and surrender (śaraṇāgati), rather than relying only on human strength.

Sañjaya offers a devotional invocation to Śiva/Rudra, describing him through traditional epithets (matted locks, skull-garland, trident, mountain-dweller) and recalling mythic deeds (destroying Bhaga’s eye). This functions as a protective and legitimizing prayer within the tense Sauptika Parva setting, where fear, vengeance, and nocturnal violence dominate the atmosphere.