Shloka 57

Adhyāya 31: Rājasūya-samāgama — The Gathering of Kings and the Ordering of Hospitality

Devanagari script

तत उत्थाय ह्ृष्टात्मा प्राज्जलि: शिरसा नतः । पूजयामास माद्रेय: पावकं भरतर्षभ

Transliteration

tata utthāya hṛṣṭātmā prāñjaliḥ śirasā nataḥ | pūjayāmāsa mādreyaḥ pāvakaṃ bharatarṣabha ||

Translation

तत उत्थाय हृष्टात्मा प्राञ्जलिः शिरसा नतः । पूजयामास माद्रेयः पावकं भरतर्षभ ॥

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya

• उत्थाय: having risen
• उत्थाय: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-स्था (धातु: √स्था)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), indeclinable

• हृष्टात्मा: glad-minded, delighted
• हृष्टात्मा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृष्ट-आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• प्राञ्जलिः: with joined palms
• प्राञ्जलिः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राञ्जलि
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• शिरसा: with (his) head
• शिरसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस्
• Form: Neuter, instrumental, singular

• नतः: bowed
• नतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नत (from √नम्)
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular (past passive participle)

• पूजयामास: worshipped, paid homage
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज् (धातु: √पूज्)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada

• माद्रेयः: the son of Madri (Sahadeva)
• माद्रेयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: माद्रेय
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• पावकम्: Agni, the Fire-god
• पावकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पावक
• Form: Masculine, accusative, singular

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, vocative, singular

Speaker

सहदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sahadeva
• Mādrī
• Agni (Pāvaka)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharmic conduct expressed through humility and gratitude: when one receives auspicious guidance or divine support, the proper response is respectful worship and acknowledgment rather than self-importance.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sahadeva, pleased by what he has just heard, stands up and performs a gesture of reverence—joining his palms and bowing his head—then worships Agni (Pāvaka).