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Shloka 31

Adhyāya 8: Saṃprahāra-varṇana and Bhīma–Kṣemadhūrti Dvipa-Yuddha

Combat Description and Elephant Duel

को मदन्य: पुमॉल्लोके न जह्यात्‌ सूत जीवितम्‌ । सूत! कुट॒म्बीजनों, सगे-सम्बन्धियों और मित्रोंके पराभवका यह समाचार सुनकर संसारमें मेरे सिवा दूसरा कौन पुरुष होगा, जो अपने जीवनका परित्याग न कर दे ।। विषमन्निं प्रपातं च पर्वताग्रादहं वृणे । न हि शक्ष्यामि दुःखानि सोढुं कष्टानि संजय

ko madanyaḥ pumāṁl loke na jahyāt sūta jīvitam | sūta kuṭumbījanān saga-sambandhīn mitrāṇāṁ ca parābhavasya etat samācāraṁ śrutvā saṁsāre mama vinā dvitīyaḥ kaḥ pumān bhavet yaḥ svajīvitaṁ na parityajet || viṣam agniṁ prapātaṁ ca parvatāgrād ahaṁ vṛṇe | na hi śakṣyāmi duḥkhāni soḍhuṁ kaṣṭāni sañjaya ||

को मदन्यः पुमाँल्लोके न जह्यात्सूत जीवितम् । सूत! कुटुम्बिजनानां सगेसम्बन्धिमित्रयोः ॥ पराभवमिमं श्रुत्वा विषमग्निं प्रपातं च । पर्वताग्रादहं वृणे न हि शक्ष्यामि दुःखितः ॥ सोढुं कष्टानि संजय ॥

कःwho
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मत्than me
मत्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAblative, Singular
अन्यःanother
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुमान्man
पुमान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जह्यात्would abandon
जह्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सूतO charioteer
सूत:
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सूतO charioteer
सूत:
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विषमम्uneven, perilous
विषमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविषम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अग्निम्fire
अग्निम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रपातम्precipice, fall
प्रपातम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रपात
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पर्वतfrom a mountain
पर्वत:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अग्रात्from the summit
अग्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
वृणेchoose, prefer
वृणे:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular, Atmanepada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
शक्ष्यामिI shall be able
शक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormFuture (Lrt), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुःखानिsorrows
दुःखानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सोढुम्to endure
सोढुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसह्
FormTumun (infinitive)
कष्टानिpainful, grievous (things)
कष्टानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकष्ट
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
S
Sañjaya
S
sūta (charioteer)
H
household/kinsmen/friends (collective)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how overwhelming attachment to one’s own side—family, kin, and friends—can drive a person into despair and self-destructive impulses. Ethically, it frames a dharmic tension: intense grief is human, yet choosing self-harm is portrayed as an extreme reaction to the reversals of war.

Vaiśampāyana reports a speaker addressing Sañjaya as ‘sūta’ after hearing news of the defeat of his people. The speaker declares that such tidings are unbearable and says he would rather die by poison, fire, or a fall from a mountain than endure the suffering.