Shloka 35

अध्याय ६० — कर्णस्य पाञ्चाल-सोमक-निग्रहः

Karna’s Suppression of the Panchala–Somaka Forces

Devanagari script

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तावकानां परै: सह । घोरं प्राणभूृतां काले भीमरूपं परंतप,परंतप! फिर तो उस समय शत्रुओंके साथ आपके सैनिकोंका घोर युद्ध होने लगा, जो समस्त प्राणियोंके लिये भयंकर था

Transliteration

tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ tāvakānāṃ paraiḥ saha | ghoraṃ prāṇabhṛtāṃ kāle bhīmarūpaṃ parantapa parantapa ||

Translation

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तावकानां परैः सह । घोरं प्राणभृतां काले भीमरूपं परन्तप ॥

Word by Word

ततःthen, thereafter

प्रववृतेarose, began, commenced

युद्धम्battle, fighting

तावकानाम्of your (people/soldiers)

परैःwith the foes, by the enemies

सहtogether with

घोरम्terrible, dreadful

प्राणभृताम्of living beings (life-bearers)

कालेat the time

भीमरूपम्of fearful form

परंतपO scorcher of foes

परंतपO scorcher of foes (repeated address)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as parantapa)

Kaurava army (tāvakāḥ)

Enemy forces (parāḥ; primarily Pāṇḍava side in context)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the moral gravity of war: once it begins, it becomes ‘ghora’—a terror not only for warriors but for all living beings. It implicitly warns that adharma-driven conflict spreads suffering widely and turns time itself (kāla) into an instrument of destruction.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a fierce battle has erupted between the Kaurava forces (‘tāvakāḥ’) and their opponents. The scene is framed as a critical, ominous moment where the combat takes on a fearsome, overwhelming character.