Shloka 9
कर्णवधार्थं धनञ्जयस्य प्रतिज्ञा — Arjuna’s resolve for Karṇa’s defeat
Devanagari script
कपेस्तु निनदं श्रुत्वा संत्रस्स्ता तव वाहिनी
Transliteration
kapestu ninadaṃ śrutvā saṃtrastā tava vāhinī
Translation
कपेस्तु निनदं श्रुत्वा संत्रस्तास्तव वाहिनी ॥
Word by Word
कपेःof the monkey (Hanuman)
कपेः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकपि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
निनदम्roar/sound
निनदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिनद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for absolutive)
संत्रस्ताःterrified
संत्रस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंत्रस्त
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
वाहिनीarmy/host
वाहिनी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाहिनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaH
Hanumān (Kapi)D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tava')K
Kaurava army (tava vāhinī)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even before weapons decide outcomes, inner steadiness decides strength: fear and loss of morale arise when one confronts a power perceived as righteous and divinely supported; courage rooted in dharma is portrayed as the deeper advantage.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava forces became frightened upon hearing the mighty roar of Hanumān (the 'kapi'), signaling a psychological blow and an ominous shift in battlefield confidence.