Shloka 19

धृतराष्ट्रस्य मूर्च्छा तथा द्रोणविषयकप्रश्नाः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Fainting and Questions Concerning Droṇa

Devanagari script

हया: पराजिता: शीघ्रा भारद्वाजरथोद्वहा: । ते सम रुक्मरथे युक्ता नरवीरसमास्थिता:

Transliteration

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |

hayāḥ parājitāḥ śīghrā bhāradvāja-rathodvahāḥ |

te sama rukma-rathe yuktā nara-vīra-samāsthitāḥ ||

Translation

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच— हयाः पराजिताः शीघ्राः भारद्वाजरथोद्वहाः । ते समं रुक्मरथे युक्ता नरवीरसमास्थिताः ॥

Word by Word

• हयाः: horses
• हयाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पराजिताः: defeated/overpowered
• पराजिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पराजित (√जि with परा-, past passive participle)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शीघ्राः: swift
• शीघ्राः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीघ्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भारद्वाज-रथ-उद्वहाः: the chariot-bearers/drivers of Bharadvaja (Drona)
• भारद्वाज-रथ-उद्वहाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उद्वह (ud+√vah) (as noun/adj: bearer/driver); with qualifiers भारद्वाज, रथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ते: they/those
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सम्: together/fully
• सम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्

• रुक्म-रथे: in/on the golden chariot
• रुक्म-रथे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुक्म-रथ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• युक्ताः: yoked/harnessed
• युक्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युक्त (√युज्, past passive participle)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नर-वीर-समास्थिताः: mounted/occupied by heroic men
• नर-वीर-समास्थिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समास्थित (सम्+आ+√स्था, past participle); with qualifiers नर, वीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

धृतराष्ट उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Bhāradvāja (Droṇa)
• horses
• golden chariot (rukma-ratha)