Shloka 33

आत्मापहारिणां या च या च मिथ्याभिशंसिनाम्‌ | भृत्यै: संदिश्यमानानां पुत्रदाराश्रितैस्तथा,नंगे नहानेवाले तथा अतिथिको भोजन दिये बिना ही उसे असफल लौटा देनेवाले पुरुषकी जो गति होती है; घूसखोर, असत्यवादी तथा दूसरोंके साथ वंचना (ठगी) करनेवालोंकी जो दुर्गति होती है; आत्माका हनन करनेवाले, दूसरोंपर झूठे दोषारोपण करनेवाले, भृत्योंकी आज्ञाके अधीन रहनेवाले तथा स्त्री, पुत्र एवं आश्रित जनोंके साथ यथायोग्य बँटवारा किये बिना ही अकेले मिष्टान्न उड़ानेवाले क्षुद्र पुरुषोंको जिस घोर नारकी गतिकी प्राप्ति होती है, यदि मैं कल जयद्रथको न मारूँ तो मुझे भी वही दुर्गति प्राप्त हो

arjuna uvāca | ātmāpahāriṇāṃ yā ca yā ca mithyābhiśaṃsinām | bhṛtyaiḥ saṃdiśyamānānāṃ putradārāśritais tathā | anagne snānavatāṃ tathā atithiko bhojanaṃ adātvā niṣphalaṃ pratinivartayataḥ | ghūṣakhorāṇāṃ asatyavādināṃ ca vañcakānāṃ ca yā durgatiḥ | ātmāhanana-kāriṇāṃ pareṣāṃ mithyā-doṣāropa-kāriṇāṃ bhṛtyādhīnānāṃ ca strī-putrāśrita-janeṣu yathāyogya-vibhāgaṃ akṛtvā kevalaṃ miṣṭānnam aśnatāṃ kṣudra-puruṣāṇāṃ yā ghorā nārakī gatiḥ | yadi ahaṃ śvaḥ jayadrathaṃ na hanyāṃ tadā mama api sā eva durgatiḥ syāt ||

अर्जुन उवाच— आत्मापहारिणां या गति: या च मिथ्याभिशंसिनाम्, भृत्यैः संदिश्यमानानां पुत्रदाराश्रितानां च—तामहं प्राप्नुयाम् यदि श्वो जयद्रथं न हन्याम्।

आत्मापहारिणाम्of self-destroyers / those who harm the self
आत्मापहारिणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मापहारिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
याwhich (fate)
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
याwhich (fate)
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मिथ्याभिशंसिनाम्of false accusers / slanderers
मिथ्याभिशंसिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमिथ्याभिशंसिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
भृत्यैःby servants
भृत्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
संदिश्यमानानाम्of those being instructed/ordered
संदिश्यमानानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootसंदिश्
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
पुत्रदाराश्रितैःby (one’s) sons, wife, and dependents
पुत्रदाराश्रितैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र-दार-आश्रित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तथाlikewise / so too
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
J
Jayadratha
A
atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames Arjuna’s vow in ethical terms: failure to fulfill a righteous resolve (here, to punish a grave wrong) is equated with notorious adharma—corruption, deceit, slander, neglect of hospitality, and selfish consumption—implying that moral accountability applies even amid war.

After Abhimanyu’s killing and Jayadratha’s role in blocking the Pandavas, Arjuna publicly binds himself by a severe oath: if he does not kill Jayadratha the next day, he accepts the same hellish fate as major sinners, intensifying the urgency of the coming battle.