Shloka 33

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणरथारोহণं सात्यकेः प्रतिरक्षणं च | Dhrishtadyumna Boards Droṇa’s Chariot; Sātyaki’s Counter-Protection

Devanagari script

रथेषु गण्यमानेषु गणितं त॑ं महारथम्‌

Transliteration

ratheṣu gaṇyamāneṣu gaṇitaṁ taṁ mahāratham

Translation

रथेषु गण्यमानेषु गणितं तं महारथम् ॥

Word by Word

• रथेषु: among/on the chariots
• रथेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• गण्यमानेषु: being counted/considered
• गण्यमानेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गण्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural, Present passive participle (शानच्), locative plural

• गणितम्: counted/reckoned
• गणितम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गण्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त), nominative singular

• तम्: that (him)
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• महारथम्: great chariot-warrior
• महारथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• ratha (chariot)
• mahāratha (warrior rank)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in war, individuals are formally evaluated and ranked; it implicitly points to the ethical tension of reducing persons to martial categories, even while acknowledging excellence and responsibility that come with high status.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that during a counting/assessment of the chariot forces, a particular warrior was officially recognized as a mahāratha, indicating elite standing within the battle formation.