Shloka 48
Bhagadatta’s Advance, the Saṃśaptaka Challenge, and Arjuna’s Counterstrike (द्रोणपर्व, अध्याय २६)
Devanagari script
तेषां प्रद्रवतां भीम: पज्चालानामितस्तत:
Transliteration
teṣāṁ pradravatāṁ bhīmaḥ pāñcālānām itas tataḥ
Translation
सञ्जय उवाच—तेषां प्रद्रवतां पाञ्चालानामितस्ततः भीमः पर्यधावत्॥
Word by Word
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
प्रद्रवताम्while (they were) running forth / fleeing
प्रद्रवताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + द्रु (धावने)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाञ्चालानाम्of the Panchalas
पाञ्चालानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इतस्from here / hence
इतस्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतस्
ततःfrom there / thence
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
स
संजय (Sañjaya)भ
भीम (Bhīma)प
पाञ्चालाः (Pāñcālas)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights a practical ethical insight of the epic’s war narrative: once discipline collapses, fear multiplies and a retreat can become a rout; therefore leaders and warriors must preserve steadiness and order, since panic harms not only the individual but the whole host.
Sañjaya reports that the Pāñcālas are fleeing, and Bhīma is moving “here and there” among them—suggesting vigorous pursuit and battlefield pressure during a moment of disarray.