Shloka 14

धृतराष्ट्र–संजय संवादः: कर्ण–घटोत्कचयोर्निशायुद्धवर्णनम्

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya Dialogue: Description of the Night Engagement of Karṇa and Ghaṭotkaca

Devanagari script

युध्यमानं पराक्रान्तं शूरमार्यव्रते रतम्‌

Transliteration

yudhyamānaṃ parākrāntaṃ śūram āryavrate ratam

Translation

युध्यमानं पराक्रान्तं शूरमार्यव्रते रतम्॥

Word by Word

• युध्यमानम्: fighting, engaged in battle
• युध्यमानम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युध् (धातु) → युध्यमान (वर्तमानकाले शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पराक्रान्तम्: valiant, having advanced boldly
• पराक्रान्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पराक्रान्त (कृदन्त/विशेषण; √क्रम् with परा- उपसर्ग, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शूरम्: hero, brave man
• शूरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आर्यव्रते: in the noble vow/duty (of the Aryas)
• आर्यव्रते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्यव्रत
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• रतम्: devoted/engaged (in)
• रतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत (कृदन्त/विशेषण; √रम्, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid violence, the verse foregrounds ārya-vrata—ethical restraint and honorable conduct—suggesting that valor is praised when aligned with dharma rather than mere aggression.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a warrior (not named in this half-verse) as actively fighting, exceptionally brave and powerful, and committed to the noble warrior’s code, framing the battle report in moral terms.