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Shloka 11

धृतराष्ट्र–संजय संवादः: कर्ण–घटोत्कचयोर्निशायुद्धवर्णनम्

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya Dialogue: Description of the Night Engagement of Karṇa and Ghaṭotkaca

यदृच्छया रणे भीम॑ युध्यमानं महाबलम्‌ | कथंचिद्‌ विरथं कृत्वा यत्‌ त्वं रूक्षमभाषथा:

yadṛcchayā raṇe bhīmaṁ yudhyamānaṁ mahābalam | kathaṁcid virathaṁ kṛtvā yat tvaṁ rūkṣam abhāṣathāḥ ||

यदृच्छया रणे भीमं युध्यमानं महाबलम्। कथञ्चिद् विरथं कृत्वा यत् त्वं रूक्षमभाषथाः॥

यदृच्छयाby chance, accidentally
यदृच्छया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयदृच्छा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भीमम्Bhima
भीमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युध्यमानम्fighting
युध्यमानम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
महाबलम्very strong, of great strength
महाबलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कथंचित्somehow, by some means
कथंचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचित्
विरथम्without a chariot, chariotless
विरथम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
यत्that (relative/connecting particle: 'that/which')
यत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
रूक्षम्harshly, rough (words)
रूक्षम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरूक्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभाषथाःyou spoke / you said
अभाषथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
Formलिट् (perfect), परस्मैपदम्, Second, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīma

Educational Q&A

Even in war, speech carries moral weight: harsh, contemptuous words (rūkṣa-vākya) can intensify hatred and cloud judgment, turning a tactical moment into an ethical lapse that fuels further violence.

Sañjaya reports that the listener (addressed as 'you') managed, by a turn of circumstances, to render the mighty Bhīma chariotless during the battle, and then spoke to him in a harsh manner—highlighting both the battlefield event and the abrasive exchange that followed.