Shloka 41

भगदत्तस्तु राजानं द्रुप्दं नतपर्वभि: । सनियन्तृध्वजरथं विव्याध पुरुषर्षभ:

bhagadattas tu rājānaṃ drupadaṃ nataparvabhiḥ | sa-niyantṛ-dhvaja-rathaṃ vivyādha puruṣarṣabhaḥ ||

भगदत्तस्तु राजानं द्रुपदं नतपर्वभिः। सनियन्तृध्वजरथं विव्याध पुरुषर्षभः॥

भगदत्तःBhagadatta
भगदत्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगदत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रुपदम्Drupada
द्रुपदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुपद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नतपर्वभिःwith (arrows) having bent joints/knots
नतपर्वभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनतपर्वन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
सनियन्तृध्वजरथम्whose chariot had (its) driver and banner (intact/present)
सनियन्तृध्वजरथम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसनियन्तृध्वजरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विव्याधpierced/wounded
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुरुषर्षभःthe bull among men (best of men)
पुरुषर्षभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषर्षभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhagadatta
D
Drupada
C
chariot (ratha)
B
banner/standard (dhvaja)
C
charioteer/driver (niyantṛ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the relentless force of kṣatriya warfare: prowess is shown not only by striking the opponent but by disabling the chariot system (driver and banner), emphasizing how martial skill can rapidly shift a battle’s balance and intensify the ethical weight of combat.

Sañjaya reports that Bhagadatta assaults King Drupada, shooting him with distinctive bent-jointed arrows and also piercing Drupada’s chariot—its charioteer and banner—signaling a severe tactical blow against Drupada in the ongoing battle.