Shloka 39
जयद्रथवधः — The Slaying of Jayadratha
Sunset Vow and Curse-Condition
Devanagari script
सात्यकिं ते समासाद्य पृतनास्वनिवर्तिनम्
Transliteration
sātyakiṃ te samāsādya pṛtanāsv anivartinam
Translation
सात्यकिं ते समासाद्य पृतनास्वनिवर्तिनम् ॥
Word by Word
सात्यकिम्Sātyaki (as object)
सात्यकिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेof you / your
ते:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Form—, Genitive, Singular
समासाद्यhaving approached / having reached
समासाद्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), —
पृतनासुin the armies / in the battle-lines
पृतनासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपृतना (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
अनिवर्तिनम्not turning back, unretreating
अनिवर्तिनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिवर्तिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
Sātyaki (Yuyudhāna)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of steadfastness in righteous combat: anivartin—one who does not retreat—embodies resolve and duty under pressure, reminding the listener that moral and strategic outcomes in war hinge on firmness of purpose.
Sañjaya, narrating the battlefield to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, notes that the Kaurava forces have come face to face with Sātyaki, describing him as an unretreating fighter within the battle formations, signaling the difficulty and intensity of the encounter.