Shloka 73

रथैरविपरिधावद्धिममनुष्यैश्व हयैश्व ह । सैन्यं रज:समुद्धूतमेतत्‌ सम्परिवर्तते,इधर-उधर भागते हुए रथों, मनुष्यों और घोड़ोंके द्वारा उड़ी हुई धूलसे आच्छादित हुई यह सारी सेना चक्कर काट रही है

rathair aviparidhāvadbhir manuṣyaiś ca hayaiś ca ha | sainyaṃ rajaḥ-samuddhūtam etat samparivartate ||

रथैरविपरिधावद्भिर्मनुष्यैश्च हयैश्च ह । सैन्यं रजःसमुद्धूतमेतत् सम्परिवर्तते ॥

रथैःby chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अविपरिधावत्runs about, rushes around
अविपरिधावत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअवि-परि-धाव (धातु: धाव्)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भीमम्terrible, dreadful
भीमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootभीम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मनुष्यैःby men
मनुष्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हयैःby horses
हयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सैन्यम्the army
सैन्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
रजःdust
रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
समुद्धूतम्raised up, stirred up
समुद्धूतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-उद्-धू (धातु: धू)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सम्परिवर्ततेwhirls about, revolves
सम्परिवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-परि-वृत् (धातु: वृत्)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

युधिष्ठिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
R
ratha (chariots)
M
manuṣya (men/soldiers)
H
haya (horses)
S
sainya (army)
R
rajas (dust)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how violence and panic cloud perception: when the battlefield is filled with dust and frantic movement, clear judgment becomes difficult. Implicitly, it urges leaders to recognize confusion, restrain impulsive action, and seek discernment (viveka) even amid crisis.

Yudhiṣṭhira observes the battlefield scene: chariots, soldiers, and horses are rushing in different directions, raising thick dust. The army appears to be circling and scattering in disarray, indicating intense pressure and confusion in the ongoing combat.