Shloka 46

कर्णभीमयुद्धम्

Karna–Bhīma Combat Report

Devanagari script

हतो राजा हतो राजा भारद्वाजेन मारिष

Transliteration

hato rājā hato rājā bhāradvājena māriṣa

Translation

हतो राजा हतो राजा भारद्वाजेन मारिष।

Word by Word

• हतः: slain
• हतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• हतः: slain
• हतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भारद्वाजेन: by Bhāradvāja (i.e., Droṇa)
• भारद्वाजेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारद्वाज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• मारिष: O venerable one / sir
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारिष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• rājā (the king, unnamed in this half-verse)
• Bhāradvāja (lineage reference)
• Bhāradvāja-putra (the son/descendant of Bharadvāja, i.e., Droṇa by epithet)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how the death of a ruler in war is not only a battlefield outcome but a moral and social turning point: it magnifies collective suffering and signals the heavy, irreversible consequences that adharma-driven violence can unleash.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya reports, with emphatic repetition, that “the king” has been killed, and attributes the killing to “the son of Bharadvāja” (a lineage-epithet). The repeated announcement functions like a battlefield proclamation, underscoring the enormity of the event and its immediate psychological impact.