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Shloka 48

भीष्मस्य मध्याह्नयुद्धवर्णनम् / Mid-day Battle Description: Bhīṣma Engaged by the Pāñcālas

रणे चारूणि चापानि हेमपृष्ठानि मारिष । हतानामपविद्धानि कलापाश्न महाधना:,आर्य! उस रणक्षेत्रमें मारे गये नरेशोंके सुवर्णमय पृष्ठसे विभूषित सुन्दर धनुष तथा बहुमूल्य तरकस जहाँ-तहाँ पड़े हुए थे

raṇe cārūṇi cāpāni hemapṛṣṭhāni māriṣa | hatānām apaviddhāni kalāpāś ca mahādhanāḥ ||

सञ्जय उवाच—मारिष, रणे हतानाम् अपविद्धानि चारूणि हेमपृष्ठानि चापानि, महाधनानां कलापाश्च यत्र-तत्र पतिताः स्म।

रणेin battle / on the battlefield
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
चारूणिbeautiful
चारूणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचारु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
चापानिbows
चापानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचाप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
हेमपृष्ठानिgold-backed / having golden backs
हेमपृष्ठानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहेमपृष्ठ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
मारिषO noble sir (term of address)
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हतानाम्of the slain
हतानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
अपविद्धानिcast away / thrown down
अपविद्धानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप + विध्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
कलापाःquivers
कलापाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकलाप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महाधनाःvery valuable / richly furnished
महाधनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
battlefield (raṇa)
B
bows (cāpa)
G
gold ornamentation (hema)
Q
quivers (kalāpa)
S
slain kings/warriors (hatāḥ, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores impermanence and the futility of worldly splendor in the face of death: even exquisite, costly weapons become abandoned objects once their owners fall. It invites reflection on the ethical weight of war and the transient nature of power and wealth.

Sañjaya describes to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the aftermath on the battlefield: beautiful gold-adorned bows and expensive quivers lie scattered, having been dropped or cast aside from the slain warriors, conveying the scale of destruction.