Shloka 30

तस्य दृष्टवा तु तत्‌ कर्म परिवद्रु: सुतास्तव । दहन्तं समरे सैन्यं वने कक्ष यथोल्बणम्‌,जैसे वनमें लगी हुई प्रचण्ड आग तृणसमूहको अनायास ही जलाकर भस्म कर डालती है, उसी प्रकार अभिमन्यु उस समरांगणमें कौरवसेनाको दग्ध कर रहा था। उसके इस महान्‌ कर्मको देखकर आपके पुत्रोंने उसे सब ओरसे घेर लिया

tasya dṛṣṭvā tu tat karma parivadrūḥ sutās tava | dahantaṃ samare sainyaṃ vane kakṣa yatholbaṇam ||

तस्य दृष्ट्वा तु तत्कर्म परिवव्रुः सुतास्तव । दहन्तं समरे सैन्यं वने कक्षं यथोल्बणम् ॥ यथा वने प्रचण्डोऽग्निस्तृणगुल्मलताः क्षिप्रं दहति, तथा समराङ्गणे कौरवसैन्यं दग्धवान् सः । तस्य महत्कर्म दृष्ट्वा तव पुत्रास्तं सर्वतः पर्यवारयन् ।

तस्यof him/that
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मdeed/action
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परिवद्रुःreviled/denounced (spoke against)
परिवद्रुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वद्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सुताःsons
सुताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
दहन्तम्burning
दहन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वनेin a forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कक्षम्thicket/brushwood
कक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
उल्बणम्fierce/violent
उल्बणम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootउल्बण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'your')
K
Kauravas (your sons)
A
Abhimanyu (implied by context: the warrior burning the Kaurava army)
K
Kaurava army
F
Forest fire (simile)
F
Forest undergrowth (kakṣa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how extraordinary prowess in war provokes collective counteraction: when one warrior overwhelms many, the opposing side responds by coordinated encirclement. Ethically, it underscores the tension between individual valor and the harsh necessities of battlefield strategy.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a single warrior (contextually Abhimanyu) is devastating the Kaurava forces like a raging fire in a forest; seeing this, Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons (the Kauravas) close in and surround him from all directions.