Shloka 186

वैश्यांश्वाप्यूरूतो राजन्‌ शूद्रान्‌ वै पादतस्तथा । इन कमलनयन भगवान्‌से बढ़कर दूसरा कोई तत्त्व न हुआ है, न होगा। राजन! इन्होंने अपने मुखसे ब्राह्मणों, दोनों भुजाओंसे क्षत्रियों, जंघासे वैश्यों और चरणोंसे शूद्रोंको उत्पन्न किया है

vaiśyāṁś cāpy ūrutaḥ rājan śūdrān vai pādataḥ tathā |

ऊरुतो वैश्यान् ससर्ज राजन् पादतश्चैव शूद्रकान्। मुखाद् ब्राह्मणान् बाहुभ्यां क्षत्रियान् जघनात् वैश्यान् पादाभ्यां शूद्रान् व्यजनयत्॥

वैश्यान्Vaishyas
वैश्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
ऊरुतःfrom the thigh
ऊरुतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootऊरु
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शूद्रान्Shudras
शूद्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पादतःfrom the foot/feet
पादतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपाद
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājan (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira in context)
V
Vaiśyas
Ś
Śūdras
B
Brāhmaṇas
K
Kṣatriyas
B
Bhagavān (the Lord, implied as Viṣṇu/Nārāyaṇa/Puruṣa)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents the four varṇas as originating from a single divine source, framing social duties as parts of an overarching cosmic dharma; it encourages respect for the ethical order and role-based responsibilities within society.

Bhīṣma is instructing the king on dharma and the structure of society, explaining a traditional cosmological account in which the Lord manifests Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas, and Śūdras from different parts of His body.