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Shloka 120

Vāsudeva-Māhātmya: Duryodhana’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Theological Account of Keśava

तस्मिन्‌ सुघोरे नृपसम्प्रहारे हताः प्रवीरा: सरथाश्चसूता: । गजाश्न नाराचनिपाततप्ता महापताका: शुभरुक्मकक्ष्या:,राजाओंके उस भयानक संग्राममें रथ, घोड़े और सारथिसहित बड़े-बड़े वीर मारे गये। सुन्दर सुनहरे रस्सोंसे कसे हुए, बड़ी-बड़ी पताकाओंवाले हाथी नाराचोंकी मारसे पीड़ित हो शक्ति और चेतना खोकर सहसा धराशायी हो गये। कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुनके भयंकर वेगवाले तीखे एवं पंखयुक्त निर्मल भल्लोंसे गहरी चोट पड़नेपर कवच और शरीर दोनोंके विदीर्ण हो जानेसे कौरव सैनिक सहसा प्राणशून्य होकर गिर जाते थे

tasmin sughore nṛpa-samprahāre hatāḥ pravīrāḥ sa-rathāś ca sūtāḥ | gajāś ca nārāca-nipāta-taptā mahā-patākāḥ śubha-rukma-kakṣyāḥ ||

तस्मिन् सुघोरे नृपसम्प्रहारे हताः प्रवीराः सरथाश्च सूताः । गजाश्च नाराचनिपाततप्ताः महापताकाः शुभरुक्मकक्ष्याः ॥

तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सुघोरेvery terrible
सुघोरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुघोर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
नृपसम्प्रहारेin the battle of kings
नृपसम्प्रहारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनृप-सम्प्रहारा
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हताःslain
हताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
प्रवीराःgreat heroes
प्रवीराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सरथाःwith chariots
सरथाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस-रथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सूताःcharioteers
सूताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गजाःelephants
गजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नाराचनिपाततप्ताःscorched/afflicted by the fall of iron arrows
नाराचनिपाततप्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनाराच-निपात-तप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
महापताकाःhaving great banners
महापताकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा-पताका
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शुभरुक्मकक्ष्याःwith auspicious golden girths/straps
शुभरुक्मकक्ष्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ-रुक्म-कक्ष्या
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
kings (nṛpa)
W
warriors (pravīra)
C
chariots (ratha)
C
charioteers (sūta)
E
elephants (gaja)
A
arrows/shafts (nārāca)
B
banners/standards (patākā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the devastating, indiscriminate consequences of war: even the greatest heroes and mighty war-elephants fall. It implicitly warns that royal ambition and martial pride, when unleashed in conflict, lead to widespread suffering and the swift collapse of life and power.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield during the Kurukṣetra war: prominent warriors are killed along with their chariots and charioteers, and bannered elephants—struck and pained by heavy arrows—lose strength and consciousness and collapse.