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Shloka 30

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

विराट: सह पुत्रेण धृष्टद्युम्नश्व पार्षत: । भीमश्न केकयाश्रैव सात्यकिश्नू विशाम्पते

sañjaya uvāca |

virāṭaḥ saha putreṇa dhṛṣṭadyumnaś ca pārṣataḥ |

bhīmaś ca kekayāś caiva sātyakiś ca viśāmpate ||

rājan, tadā putra-sahitaḥ virāṭaḥ, drupada-kumāraḥ dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ, bhīmasenaḥ, kekaya-rāja-kumāraḥ (pañca), tathā sātyakiḥ—ete pāṇḍava-pakṣasya mahā-dhanurdharā daśa mahā-rathāḥ abhimanyor rakṣārthaṃ rathaiḥ tūrṇaṃ tatra dhāvamānāḥ samupāyayuḥ |

विराटः सह पुत्रेण धृष्टद्युम्नश्च पार्षतः । भीमश्च केकयाश्चैव सात्यकिश्च विशाम्पते ॥

विराटःVirāṭa
विराटः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविराट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
पुत्रेणwith (his) son
पुत्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नःDhṛṣṭadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पार्षतःthe son of Pṛṣata (i.e., Dhṛṣṭadyumna/Drupada-lineage epithet)
पार्षतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमःBhīma
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
केकयाःthe Kekayas (Kekaya princes)
केकयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेकय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सात्यकिःSātyaki
सात्यकिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
V
Virāṭa
V
Virāṭa’s son (Uttarā/Uttara implied by context)
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
D
Drupada (via epithet Pārṣata)
B
Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
K
Kekaya princes
S
Sātyaki
A
Abhimanyu
C
Chariots (ratha)
P
Pāṇḍava faction

Educational Q&A

In the midst of war, dharma for kṣatriyas includes steadfast protection of comrades and fulfilling one’s duty without desertion; the verse highlights solidarity and responsibility toward a vulnerable ally (Abhimanyu).

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that leading Pāṇḍava-side warriors—Virāṭa with his son, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Bhīma, the Kekaya princes, and Sātyaki—rush by chariot to the battlefield location to safeguard Abhimanyu.