Shloka 3

भूमिगुण-प्रश्नः

Inquiry into the qualities of Earth and the classification of beings

Devanagari script

संजय उवाच पज्चेमानि महाराज महाभूतानि संग्रहात्‌ । जगतीस्थानि सर्वाणि समान्याहुर्मनीषिण:

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca pañcemāni mahārāja mahābhūtāni saṅgrahāt | jagatīsthāni sarvāṇi samānyāhur manīṣiṇaḥ ||

Translation

संजय उवाच— पञ्चेमानि महाराज महाभूतानि संग्रहात् । जगतीस्थानि सर्वाणि समान्याहुर्मनीषिणः ॥

Word by Word

• संजयः: Sanjaya
• संजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पञ्च: five
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• इमानि: these
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• महाभूतानि: great elements
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाभूत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• संग्रहात्: from (their) collection/summary; in brief
• संग्रहात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संग्रह
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• जगतीस्थानि: situated in the world/earth
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जगतीस्थान
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वाणि: all
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• सामान्य: common; as a generality
• सामान्य: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सामान्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आहुः: say; call
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• मनीषिणः: the wise (men)
• मनीषिणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनीषिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Mahārāja (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
• pañca-mahābhūta (five great elements)
• jagatī (the earth/world)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

All worldly entities are reducible, in essence, to the five great elements; recognizing this shared elemental basis encourages a view of commonality behind apparent diversity.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya addresses the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) and introduces a reflective, philosophical point: whatever exists on earth can be summarized as composed of the five elements, as taught by sages.