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Shloka 29

Chapter 19: Prativyūha of the Pāṇḍavas — Vajra (Acala) Formation and Dawn Omens

त्वदीयानां परेषां च रथेषु विपुलान्‌ ध्वजान्‌ । अभिभूयार्जुनस्यैको रथे तस्थौ महाकपि:,राजन्‌! आपके तथा शत्रुओंके रथोपर जो बहुसंख्यक विशाल ध्वज फहरा रहे थे, उन सबको तिरस्कृत करके केवल अर्जुनके रथपर एकमात्र महान्‌ कपिसे उपलक्षित दिव्य ध्वज शोभा पाता था

tvadīyānāṁ pareṣāṁ ca ratheṣu vipulān dhvajān | abhibhūyārjunasyaiko rathe tasthau mahākapiḥ ||

त्वदीयानां परेषां च रथेषु विपुलान् ध्वजान्। अभिभूयार्जुनस्यैको रथे तस्थौ महाकपिः॥

त्वदीयानाम्of yours
त्वदीयानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वदीय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
परेषाम्of the others/enemies
परेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रथेषुon/in the chariots
रथेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
विपुलान्large, vast
विपुलान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविपुल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ध्वजान्banners/standards
ध्वजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिभूयhaving overpowered/surpassed
अभिभूय:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-भू
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
अर्जुनस्यof Arjuna
अर्जुनस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
एकःone, single
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथेon the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्थौstood, remained
तस्थौ:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formलिट् (Perfect), Parasmaipada, 3, Singular
महाकपिःthe great ape (Hanuman)
महाकपिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाकपि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Arjuna
M
Mahākapi (Hanumān)
D
Dhvajā (banner/standard)
R
Ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

Outer power and numbers are not decisive; a righteous cause supported by divine strength is portrayed as surpassing mere display. The single banner with the great monkey symbolizes moral and spiritual superiority amid the spectacle of war.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield scene to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra: many chariots on both sides bear large standards, yet Arjuna’s chariot is distinguished by one extraordinary banner marked by the mighty monkey (Hanumān), which eclipses the rest.