Shloka 59

Devanagari script

तब हाथीपर बैठे हुए प्रतापी राजा भगदत्तने युद्धमें बाणोंकी वर्षा करके अर्जुनको आगे बढ़नेसे रोक दिया ।।

Transliteration

saf1jaya uv
01ca |

arjunas tu tato n
01gam
01y
01nta rajatopamai |

vimalair
01yasais t
2bk6347air avidhyat mah
01ra47e ||

Translation

अर्जुनस्तु ततो नागमायान्तं रजतोपमैः । विमलैरायसैस्तीक्ष्णैर्विव्यधत महारणे ॥

Word by Word

• अर्जुनः: Arjuna
• अर्जुनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• ततः: then/from there
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• नागम्: elephant
• नागम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आयान्तम्: coming/approaching
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-या
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• रजतोपमैः: with (arrows) like silver
• रजतोपमैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रजत-उपम
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• विमलैः: bright/spotless
• विमलैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमल
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• आयसैः: made of iron
• आयसैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आयस
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• तीक्ष्णैः: sharp
• तीक्ष्णैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीक्ष्ण
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• अरविध्यत्: pierced
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-व्यध्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• महारणे: in the great battle
• महारणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा-रण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Arjuna
• war-elephant (n
  01ga)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights disciplined action in war: when a grave threat advances, a warrior acting within kshatriya-dharma responds decisively and skillfully, using necessary force to protect himself and his side in a righteous battle context.

What is happening in the narrative?

As the battle intensifies, an elephant advances toward Arjuna; Arjuna counters by shooting bright, sharp iron arrows that gleam like silver, piercing the oncoming elephant in the midst of the great fight.