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Shloka 15

भीष्मस्य शरशय्या-प्राप्तिः

Bhīṣma’s Fall to the Arrow-Bed

तथा परिवृतं दृष्ट्वा वार्ष्णेयानां महारथम्‌ । दुर्योधनो भृशं क्रुद्धो भ्रातृन्‌ सर्वानुवाच ह,वृष्णिवंशी महारथी सात्यकिको रथसेनासे घिरा हुआ देख दुर्योधनने अत्यन्त कुपित होकर अपने समस्त भाइयोंसे कहो--

tathā parivṛtaṃ dṛṣṭvā vārṣṇeyānāṃ mahāratham | duryodhano bhṛśaṃ kruddho bhrātṝn sarvān uvāca ha ||

तथा परिवृतं दृष्ट्वा वार्ष्णेयानां महारथम् । दुर्योधनो भृशं क्रुद्धो भ्रातॄन् सर्वानुवाच ह ॥

तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
परिवृतम्surrounded, encompassed
परिवृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि+वृत (√वृ)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
वार्ष्णेयानाम्of the Vrishnis (Vārṣṇeyas)
वार्ष्णेयानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवार्ष्णेय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महारथम्the great chariot-warrior
महारथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भृशम्exceedingly, greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध (√क्रुध्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भ्रातॄन्brothers
भ्रातॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उवाचsaid, spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Root√वच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
T
the Kaurava brothers
V
Vārṣṇeyas (Vṛṣṇis)
M
mahāratha (great chariot-warrior)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring ethical tension in the Mahābhārata: when a leader is ruled by krodha (anger), judgment narrows and decisions become reactive. It implicitly warns that power and responsibility in war demand self-control, not impulsive wrath.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Duryodhana sees a prominent warrior of the Vārṣṇeyas encircled in battle. Provoked and alarmed, he becomes intensely angry and turns to address all his brothers, likely to issue instructions or rally them in response.