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Shloka 5

भीष्मस्य शरवर्षः — Bhīṣma’s Arrow-Storm and Kṛṣṇa’s Impulse to Intervene

अश्वृत्थामा सोमदत्तश्नावन्त्यौ च महारथौ । महत्या सेनया युक्ता वाम॑ पक्षमपालयन्‌

Aśvatthāmā Somadattaś ca Nāvantyau ca mahārathau | mahatyā senayā yuktā vāmaṁ pakṣam apālayan ||

अश्वत्थामा सोमदत्तश्चावन्त्यौ च महारथौ । महत्या सेनया युक्ता वामपक्षमपालयन् ॥

अश्वत्थामाAshvatthama
अश्वत्थामा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वत्थामन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सोमदत्तःSomadatta
सोमदत्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसोमदत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्नावन्त्यौthe two (women) named Shnavantī
श्नावन्त्यौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्नावन्ती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महारथौtwo great chariot-warriors
महारथौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
महत्याwith a great
महत्या:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सेनयाarmy
सेनया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
युक्ताःjoined/associated (with)
युक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वाम्left
वाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पक्षम्wing/flank
पक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपालयन्protected/guarded
अपालयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपाल्
FormImperfect, Third, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Aśvatthāmā
S
Somadatta
N
Nāvantya
V
vāma pakṣa (left wing)
S
senā (army)

Educational Q&A

Even amid warfare, the text emphasizes disciplined duty: leaders are assigned specific responsibilities (here, guarding a flank) and are expected to uphold them with coordination and steadfastness—an aspect of kṣatriya-dharma and organized conduct.

Sañjaya reports the deployment of key Kaurava warriors. Aśvatthāmā, Somadatta, and Nāvantya, supported by a large force, are stationed to defend the left wing of the army formation.