Shloka 15

यज्ञवाटवैभववर्णनम् / Description of the Splendour of the Sacrificial Enclosure

Devanagari script

उपायात॑ नरव्याप्र॑ फाल्गुनं प्रत्यवेदयत्‌ । वह बुद्धिमान्‌ दूत कुरुश्रेष्ठ युधिष्ठिके पास जा उन्हें नमस्कार करके बोला --'पुरुषसिंह अर्जुन निकट आ गये हैं' ।।

Transliteration

upāyāt naravyāghra phālgunaṁ pratyavedayat | sa buddhimān dūtaḥ kuruśreṣṭha yudhiṣṭhiram upagamya namaskṛtvā uvāca—“puruṣasiṁha arjunaḥ nikaṭam āgataḥ” || tac chrutvā nṛpatis tasya harṣabāṣpākulekṣaṇaḥ ||

Translation

उपायातो नरव्याघ्रं फाल्गुनं प्रत्यवेदयत्। तच्छ्रुत्वा नृपतिस्तस्य हर्षबाष्पाकुलेक्षणः॥

Word by Word

• उपायात्: came near/approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-या (धातु √या)
• Form: लुङ् (aorist), 3, singular, parasmaipada

• नरव्याघ्रः: tiger among men (hero)
• नरव्याघ्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरव्याघ्र
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• फाल्गुनम्: Phalguna (Arjuna)
• फाल्गुनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: फाल्गुन
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• प्रति: to/towards
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति

• अवेदयत्: informed/announced
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-विद् (धातु √विद्/√वेद् ‘to inform/announce’)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), 3, singular, parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• बुद्धिमान्: intelligent
• बुद्धिमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बुद्धिमत्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• दूतः: messenger
• दूतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूत
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• कुरुश्रेष्ठ: O best of the Kurus
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुश्रेष्ठ
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• युधिष्ठिर: O Yudhishthira
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• तत्: that (news/statement)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु √श्रु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)

• नृपतिः: the king
• नृपतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपति
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• तस्य: of him/of that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• हर्षबाष्पाकुलेक्षणः: whose eyes were filled with tears of joy
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हर्षबाष्पाकुलेक्षण
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

Speaker

युधिष्ठिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Arjuna (Phālguna)
• Messenger (Dūta)
• Kuru lineage (Kuruśreṣṭha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the dharmic bond between ruler and kin: a righteous king’s joy is not mere sentiment but gratitude and relief when a duty-bound hero returns safely. It also models proper conduct—an envoy delivers news respectfully, and the king’s emotion reflects humane kingship.

What is happening in the narrative?

A messenger arrives, salutes Yudhiṣṭhira, and announces that Arjuna (Phālguna) has come close. On hearing the news, Yudhiṣṭhira is overcome with happiness, his eyes filling with tears.