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Shloka 15

तमोगुण-निरूपण

Analysis of Tamas and its Marks

अनार्जवमसंज्ञत्वं कर्म पापमचेतना । गुरुत्वं सन्नभावत्वमवशित्वमवाग्गति:

anārjavam asaṃjñatvaṃ karma pāpam acetanā | gurutvaṃ sannabhāvatvam avaśitvam avāggatiḥ ||

वायुरुवाच—अनार्जवम् असंज्ञत्वं पापकर्माचेतना । गुरुत्वं सन्नभावत्वम् अवशित्वम् अवाग्गतिः—एते धर्मभ्रंशलक्षणानि, ये जन्तुं सत्पथाद् अपकर्षन्ति ॥

अनार्जवम्dishonesty, lack of straightforwardness
अनार्जवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनार्जव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
असंज्ञत्वम्unconsciousness, insensibility
असंज्ञत्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअसंज्ञत्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कर्मaction, deed
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पापम्sinful, evil
पापम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अचेतनाunconscious, without awareness
अचेतना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअचेतन
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गुरुत्वम्heaviness; gravity; importance
गुरुत्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुरुत्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सन्नभावत्वम्the state of being existent/real (sat-bhāva)
सन्नभावत्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसन्नभावत्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अवशित्वम्lack of control, helplessness
अवशित्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवशित्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अवाग्गतिःdownward course/fall; degradation
अवाग्गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवाग्गति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva

Educational Q&A

The verse lists inner and behavioral traits—dishonesty, heedlessness, sinful action, dullness, inertia, helplessness, and a downward trajectory—as interconnected causes and symptoms of ethical and spiritual degeneration. It warns that when awareness and self-mastery weaken, actions become pāpa and the person’s course tends toward decline.

Vāyudeva is speaking in a didactic mode, enumerating qualities that characterize a fall from noble (ārya) conduct. Rather than describing an external event, the passage functions as moral instruction within the Ashvamedhika Parva’s broader reflective discourse.