Shloka 10

छत्रोपानहदानफलप्रशंसा — Praise of the Merit of Donating Umbrella and Footwear

Devanagari script

स सायकान्‌ द्विजो मुक्‍त्वा रेणुकामिदमब्रवीत्‌ । गच्छानय विशालाक्षि शरानेतान्‌ धनुश्च्युतान्‌

Transliteration

sa sāyakān dvijo muktvā reṇukām idam abravīt | gacchānaya viśālākṣi śarān etān dhanuś cyutān ||

Translation

स सायकान् द्विजो मुक्त्वा रेणुकामिदमब्रवीत् । गच्छानय विशालाक्षि शरानेतान् धनुश्च्युतान् ॥

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सायकान्: arrows
• सायकान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सायक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• द्विजः: the brahmin
• द्विजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मुक्त्वा: having released/let go
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite

• रेणुकाम्: Renuka (name)
• रेणुकाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रेणुका
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इदम्: this (speech/words)
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• गच्छ: go
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• आनय: bring (here)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी (आ + नी)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• विशालाक्षि: O wide-eyed one
• विशालाक्षि: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशालाक्षि
• Form: Feminine, Vocative, Singular

• शरान्: arrows
• शरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• एतान्: these
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• धनुः: from the bow
• धनुः: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनुस्
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• च्युतान्: fallen/shot off
• Type: Adjective
• Root: च्युत (from धातु: च्यु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Reṇukā
• dvija (Brahmin)
• arrows (sāyaka/śara)
• bow (dhanuḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharma in everyday conduct: disciplined handling of weapons and the expectation that one fulfills assigned duties promptly and respectfully within one’s role.

What is happening in the narrative?

After shooting/releasing arrows, a Brahmin speaks to Reṇukā and instructs her to go and fetch the arrows that have fallen from the bow.