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Shloka 45

दैव–पुरुषकार-प्रश्नः

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Inquiry: Fate and Human Effort

विपुलमपि धनौघं प्राप्य भोगान्‌ स्त्रियो वा पुरुष इह न शक्त: कर्महीनो हि भोक्तुम्‌ । सुनिहितमपि चार्थ दैवतै रक्ष्यमाणं पुरुष इह महात्मा प्राप्तुते नित्ययुक्त:,उद्योगहीन मनुष्य धनका बहुत बड़ा भण्डार, तरह-तरहके भोग और स्त्रियोंको पाकर भी उनका उपभोग नहीं कर सकता; किंतु सदा उद्योगमें लगा रहनेवाला महामनस्वी पुरुष देवताओंद्वारा सुरक्षित तथा गाड़कर रखे हुए धनको भी प्राप्त कर लेता है

vipulam api dhanaughaṃ prāpya bhogān striyo vā puruṣa iha na śaktaḥ karma-hīno hi bhoktum | su-nihitam api cārthaṃ daivatai rakṣyamāṇaṃ puruṣa iha mahātmā prāpnute nitya-yuktaḥ udyoga-hīnaḥ ||

विपुलमपि धनौघं प्राप्य भोगान् स्त्रियो वा, पुरुष इह कर्महीनो न शक्तो हि भोक्तुम्। सुनिहितमपि चार्थं दैवतै रक्ष्यमाणं, पुरुष इह महात्मा नित्ययुक्तः प्रयत्नात् प्राप्नुते॥

विपुलम्vast
विपुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविपुल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
धन-ओघम्a flood/heap of wealth
धन-ओघम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधन-ओघ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving obtained
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
भोगान्enjoyments/pleasures
भोगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
पुरुषःa man/person
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इहhere/in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्तःable/capable
शक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle used adjectivally)
कर्म-हीनःdevoid of effort/action
कर्म-हीनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्म-हीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
भोक्तुम्to enjoy/consume
भोक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
सुनिहितम्well-hidden/securely placed
सुनिहितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-निहित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, क्त (PPP)
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अर्थम्wealth/means
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दैवतैःby the gods/divine powers
दैवतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदैवत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
रक्ष्यमाणम्being guarded
रक्ष्यमाणम्:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरुषःa man/person
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इहhere/in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
महात्माgreat-souled man
महात्मा:
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राप्नुतेattains/obtains
प्राप्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
नित्य-युक्तःalways engaged/constantly diligent
नित्य-युक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्य-युक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (PPP used adjectivally)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
daivata (the gods/divine powers)
D
dhanaugha (wealth/treasure)
B
bhoga (pleasures)

Educational Q&A

Enjoyment and attainment are not secured merely by possessing wealth; without personal effort (udyoga/karma) one cannot truly benefit from resources. Steady, disciplined endeavor enables a person to gain even difficult or divinely-guarded wealth.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, he emphasizes the primacy of human initiative: laziness renders even great acquisitions fruitless, while constant effort empowers a noble person to achieve what seems protected or unreachable.