Shloka 47
Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda
Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity
Devanagari script
ततो देवगणा: सर्वे ऋषयश्न॒ तपोधना:
Transliteration
tato devagaṇāḥ sarve ṛṣayaś ca tapodhanāḥ
Translation
ततो देवगणाः सर्वे ऋषयश्च तपोधनाः ॥
Word by Word
ततःthen; thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (तस्मात्/तदनन्तरम्-अर्थे)
देवगणाःthe hosts/groups of gods
देवगणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवगण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
ऋषयःsages
ऋषयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
Formअव्यय (समुच्चयार्थक)
तपोधनाःthose whose wealth is austerity (ascetics)
तपोधनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपोधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
Speaker
देवदूत उवाच
Characters & Entities
द
देवगणाः (hosts of gods)ऋ
ऋषयः (sages/seers)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Dharma is not merely personal opinion; it is affirmed by higher witnesses—divine beings and sages grounded in tapas—suggesting that ethical order is upheld by spiritual authority and disciplined insight.
The speaker (a divine messenger) describes a scene where the gods and austerity-rich sages appear/assemble, indicating a significant turning point where the matter at hand is being witnessed and sanctioned by celestial and rishi communities.