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Shloka 33

Tapas-śreṣṭhatā: Anāśana as the Highest Austerity

Bhagīratha–Brahmā Saṃvāda

निष्कैककण्ठमददं योजनायतं तद्विस्तीर्ण काउ्चनपादपानाम्‌ | वन॑ वृतानां रत्नविभूषितानां न चैव तेषामागतो<5हं फलेन

Bhagīratha uvāca | niṣkaikakaṇṭhamadadaṃ yojanāyataṃ tad vistīrṇaṃ kāñcanapādapānām | vanaṃ vṛtānāṃ ratnavibhūṣitānāṃ na caiva teṣām āgato 'haṃ phalena ||

भागीरथ उवाच—योजनायतं योजनविस्तीर्णं काञ्चनपादपानां वनं दत्तवान्; तत्र प्रत्येकः पादपः रत्नैर्विभूषितः, वस्त्रैः परिवेष्टितः, कण्ठदेशे सुवर्णहारधारी च। तथापि तस्य दानस्य फलेनापि नाहमेतामवस्थां प्राप्तवान्।

निष्क-एक-कण्ठ-मददंhaving a single neck adorned with a gold necklace
निष्क-एक-कण्ठ-मददं:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्क + एक + कण्ठ + मदद (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
योजनायतम्a yojana in length
योजनायतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयोजन + आयत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विस्तीर्णम्spread out, wide
विस्तीर्णम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविस्तीर्ण (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √स्तॄ/स्तृ)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
काञ्चन-पादपानाम्of golden trees
काञ्चन-पादपानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाञ्चन + पादप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वनम्a forest
वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वृतानाम्covered, wrapped
वृतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √वृ)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
रत्न-विभूषितानाम्adorned with jewels
रत्न-विभूषितानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootरत्न + विभूषित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √भूष्)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, even
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तेषाम्of those (gifts/deeds)
तेषाम्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
आगतःhaving come
आगतः:
TypeVerb
Rootआगत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √गम्)
FormPerfective participle (past), Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम)
FormCommon, Nominative, Singular
फलेनby/through (its) fruit/result
फलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootफल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

भगीरथ उवाच

B
Bhagīratha
F
forest (vana)
T
trees (pādapa)
G
gold ornaments/necklaces (niṣka)
J
jewels (ratna)
C
cloth coverings (vṛta)

Educational Q&A

Even extraordinarily lavish charity (dāna) does not automatically guarantee the highest attainment; the verse stresses the limits of merit from external gifts and invites reflection on intention, right means, and deeper spiritual or ethical qualifications beyond sheer magnitude of donation.

Bhagīratha recounts a spectacular act of giving—a vast forest of trees ornamented with gold and jewels—then admits that despite such generosity he still has not reached the desired goal or state, using his own example to underscore a moral point about the complexity of karmic results.