Shloka 30

Īśvara-gītā (Adhyāya 2) — Ātma-svarūpa, Māyā, and the Unity of Sāṅkhya–Yoga

Devanagari script

यदा मनसि चैतन्यं भाति सर्वत्रगं सदा / योगिनो ऽव्यवधानेन तदा संपद्यते स्वयम्

Transliteration

yadā manasi caitanyaṃ bhāti sarvatragaṃ sadā / yogino 'vyavadhānena tadā saṃpadyate svayam

Translation

यदा मनसि चैतन्यं भाति सर्वत्रगं सदा। योगिनोऽव्यवधानेन तदा संपद्यते स्वयम्॥

Word by Word

• yadā: when
• yadā: Kāla (कालः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• manasi: in the mind
• manasi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचनम्; अधिकरणम् (locus)

• caitanyam: consciousness
• caitanyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caitanya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; अत्र प्रथमा (subject)

• bhāti: shines/appears
• bhāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhā (धातु)
• Form: लट्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• sarvatra-gam: all-pervading
• sarvatra-gam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarvatra (अव्यय) + ga (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः ‘going everywhere’; विशेषणम् (qualifies caitanyam)

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kāla (कालः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: नित्यत्ववाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• yoginaḥ: of the yogin
• yoginaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yogin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी (6th case), एकवचनम्; सम्बन्धः (genitive)

• avyavadhānena: without interruption
• avyavadhānena: Karaṇa (करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a+vyavadhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, तृतीया, एकवचनम्; करणम्; ‘without interruption’ (instrumental of manner)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (कालः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• saṃpadyate: is attained/comes to be
• saṃpadyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: saṃ+pad (धातु)
• Form: लट्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

• svayam: by itself
• svayam: Kartṛ-sāhāyaka (कर्तृ-साहायकः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: svayam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; स्वकर्तृकत्व/स्वतः (indeclinable; ‘by oneself/of itself’)

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing the sages (Ishvara Gita context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Lord Kurma
• Yogin
• Caitanya (Consciousness/Atman)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It presents the Self as caitanya—ever-shining, all-pervading awareness—recognized when the mind becomes a clear locus for that constant Consciousness to manifest.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It emphasizes avyavadhāna—unbroken continuity of practice/absorption—suggesting sustained dhyāna and steadiness of attention until awareness reveals itself naturally.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By focusing on impersonal, all-pervading Consciousness as the realized truth, it aligns with the Kurma Purana’s non-sectarian synthesis where the supreme reality taught by Vishnu (Kurma) is the same Ishvara revered in Shaiva traditions.