Shloka 10
Sup–Tiṅ Foundations: Prātipadika, Vibhaktis/Kārakas, and Lakāras
Tense–Mood System
पञ्चमी पर्युपाङ्योगे इतरर्ते ऽन्यदिङ्मुखे / एनयोगे द्वितीया स्यात्कर्मप्रवचनीयकैः
pañcamī paryupāṅyoge itararte 'nyadiṅmukhe / enayoge dvitīyā syātkarmapravacanīyakaiḥ
पर्युपाङ्गयोगे पञ्चमी विभक्तिः भवति। इतरार्थे तु—अन्यदिङ्मुखादौ—कर्मप्रवचनीयकैः उपदिष्टा द्वितीया विभक्तिः स्यात्॥
Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda)
Concept: Case selection depends on semantic relation and governing particles: pañcamī for surrounding/close-connection; otherwise dvitīyā under karmapravacanīya indeclinables.
Vedantic Theme: Context-sensitive meaning (prakaraṇa): form follows intended relation; śāstra provides decision rules for ambiguity resolution.
Application: When composing Sanskrit, check whether the indeclinable governs ablative or accusative based on intended sense (e.g., ‘परितः ग्रामात्’ vs direction/other sense requiring accusative per tradition).
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: adbhuta
Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.205: continuation of vibhakti governance rules; Pāṇinian and commentarial tradition on karmapravacanīyas (e.g., ‘परि/उप/अति/अधि’ etc.) and their case-governance
FAQs
They determine how case-endings are applied by clarifying the action-relation (e.g., whether a relation implies ‘from/away’ like the fifth case or a direct object/relation like the second case).
It gives a rule for interpreting constructions involving relational indeclinables, preventing mistranslation of key relations such as proximity/surrounding versus a different intended sense like direction-facing.
Use it as a reading aid: when studying Garuda Purana shlokas, check whether a relational particle implies a ‘surrounding/connection’ sense (favoring the fifth case) or another sense (where the second case may be correct), improving accuracy in recitation and translation.