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Shloka 1

Rasa-Dravya Varga: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Pungent, Bitter, Astringent; Snehana and Svedana Guidelines

Devanagari script

नाम द्विसप्तत्युत्तरशततमो ऽध्यायः धन्वन्तरिरुवाच / द्रव्याणि मधुरादीनि वक्ष्ये रागहराण्यहम् / शालिषष्टिकगोधृमक्षीरं घृतं रसा मध

Transliteration

nāma dvisaptatyuttaraśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ dhanvantariruvāca / dravyāṇi madhurādīni vakṣye rāgaharāṇyaham / śāliṣaṣṭikagodhṛmakṣīraṃ ghṛtaṃ rasā madha

Translation

धन्वन्तरिरुवाच—अथ मधुरादीनि द्रव्याणि रागहराण्यहं वक्ष्ये। शालिषष्टिकगोधूमक्षीरघृतरसामधूनि च॥

Word by Word
नाम(it is) named; title
नाम:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; शीर्षक/निर्देशार्थ (as a heading: 'named')
द्विसप्ततिseventy-two
द्विसप्तति:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि (प्रातिपदिक) + सप्तति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक-समास; अव्ययवत्-पूर्वपद; ‘द्विसप्तति’ = 72
उत्तरadditional; following
उत्तर:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण; समासाङ्ग (as compound member)
शततमःhundredth
शततमः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक) + तमप् (तद्धित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal) ‘शततम’ = 100th
अध्यायःchapter
अध्यायः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
धन्वन्तरिःDhanvantari
धन्वन्तरिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootधन्वन्तरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
द्रव्याणिsubstances; ingredients
द्रव्याणि:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
मधुरादीनिbeginning with sweet (taste); etc.
मधुरादीनि:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुर (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (अव्यय)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘आदि’युक्त-समास (etc.-beginning)
वक्ष्येI will describe
वक्ष्ये:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलृट् (भविष्यत्/Future), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
रागहराणिremoving disease/affliction (rāga)
रागहराणि:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootराग (प्रातिपदिक) + हर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (रागस्य हराणि)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
शालिśāli rice
शालि:
Visheshya (Qualified/विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootशालि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (धान्यनाम), प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)
षष्टिकsixty-day (a rice variety)
षष्टिक:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootषष्टिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण; प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)
गोधूमwheat
गोधूम:
Visheshya (Qualified/विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootगोधूम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक-रूप (compound member)
क्षीरम्milk (prepared with śāli-ṣaṣṭika rice and wheat)
क्षीरम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः (शालिषष्टिकगोधूम-क्षीरम्)
घृतम्ghee
घृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootघृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
रसाःjuices; essences
रसाः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (पाठभेदः; here list-item)
मधhoney (truncated)
मध:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; पाठभ्रंश/अपूर्णपद (likely ‘मधु’)
Speaker

Dhanvantari

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Pitta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ahara-dravya classification (madhura etc.) and their role in pacifying pathological states (raga).

Vedantic Theme: Sattvika ahara supports clarity and steadiness; regulation of senses begins with regulation of diet.

Application: Prefer madhura dravyas like shali/ṣaṣṭika rice, wheat, milk, ghee, rasa, and honey when aiming to soothe heat/redness and support nourishment, as appropriate to constitution.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.173.2-4 (expanded madhura group and effects)

Characters & Entities
D
Dhanvantari

FAQs

Here they are presented as therapeutic foods that reduce rāga—understood as inflammatory redness/irritation and, by extension, calming excess agitation.

By teaching restraint and balance through diet, it supports a disciplined life (dharma) that strengthens clarity and steadiness needed for spiritual progress.

Prefer simple, nourishing staples (rice, wheat, milk, ghee, honey in moderation) when seeking calming, restorative dietary support—adapted to one’s constitution.

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