Shloka 52

Arśa-nidāna: Causes, Prodrome, Doṣa-types, and Complications of Hemorrhoids

Devanagari script

एते च वातजा रोगा जायन्ते भृशदारुणाः / दुर्नामामृत्यूदावर्तपरमो ऽयमुपद्रवः

Transliteration

ete ca vātajā rogā jāyante bhṛśadāruṇāḥ / durnāmāmṛtyūdāvartaparamo 'yamupadravaḥ

Translation

एते वातजा रोगा भृशदारुणा जायन्ते; तेषु दुर्नाम मृत्युश्च उदावर्तश्च परम उपद्रवः स्मृतः।

Word by Word

• एते: these
• एते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• वात-जाः: born of vāta, vāta-origin
• वात-जाः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √जन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (वातात् जाताः) विशेषणम् (रोगाः)

• रोगाः: diseases
• रोगाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• जायन्ते: arise, are produced
• जायन्ते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

• भृश-दारुणाः: exceedingly severe
• भृश-दारुणाः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भृशम् (अव्यय) + दारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; अव्ययीभावपूर्वक-विशेषणसमासः; विशेषणम् (रोगाः)

• दुर्नामा: piles/hemorrhoids
• दुर्नामा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समासपूर्वपदम्); कर्मधारयः (दुष्टं नाम यस्य) ‘piles’ अर्थे रूढिः

• मृत्यु: death
• मृत्यु: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समासपूर्वपदम्)

• उदावर्त: upward-moving disorder/retention with reverse flow
• उदावर्त: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदावर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समासपूर्वपदम्)

• परमः: supreme, greatest
• परमः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (उपद्रवः)

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• उपद्रवः: complication, secondary affliction
• उपद्रवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपद्रव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Seriousness of vāta pathology and the ethical imperative of prevention; mortality is a proximate consequence of unchecked disorder.

Vedantic Theme: Anityatā (impermanence) highlighted through ‘mṛtyu’; prompts vigilance and prioritization of higher aims while caring for the body.

Application: Treat severe constipation/udāvarta and anorectal disease promptly; do not normalize chronic symptoms that can become life-threatening.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.156.48; Garuda Purana 1.156.49; Garuda Purana 1.156.50; Garuda Purana 1.156.51

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of vāta (wind-humor) disorders in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights that vāta-origin diseases can become extremely dreadful, and it singles out certain conditions—durnāma, udāvarta, and even death—as the gravest outcomes, stressing the seriousness of imbalance and neglect.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in the Garuda Purana narrative?

Indirectly, it frames bodily suffering and fatal outcomes as significant “upadravas” (afflictions), aligning with the Purana’s broader teaching that embodied life is fragile and that right living and discipline are essential before death-related teachings unfold.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat vāta-aggravating habits seriously (irregular routine, excessive dryness, strain, suppression of urges), and seek timely care—because the text warns that complications like udāvarta and durnāma can become severe if ignored.