Shloka 18

Causes and Signs of Hṛdroga

Heart Disease) and Tṛṣṇā (Pathological Thirst

Devanagari script

उष्णादूर्ध्वं गतः कोष्ठं कुर्याद्वै पित्तजैवसा / या च पानातिपानोत्था तीक्ष्णाग्रे स्नेहपाकजा

Transliteration

uṣṇādūrdhvaṃ gataḥ koṣṭhaṃ kuryādvai pittajaivasā / yā ca pānātipānotthā tīkṣṇāgre snehapākajā

Translation

उष्णता यदा ऊर्ध्वं समुत्थाय कोष्ठं विक्षोभयति, तदा पित्तजः विकारः प्रादुर्भवति। स च पानातिपानोत्थः, तीक्ष्णाग्रस्नेहपाकजश्च भवति।

Word by Word

• उष्णात्: from heat / from something hot
• उष्णात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (अपादान/पञ्चमी), एकवचनम्; Ablative singular (from heat/hot thing)

• ऊर्ध्वम्: upwards
• ऊर्ध्वम्: Adhikarana (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ऊर्ध्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययम्; क्रियाविशेषणम् (दिशा/स्थानवाचक adverb)

• गतः: gone / having gone
• गतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; past participle ‘gone’

• कोष्ठम्: the stomach / abdomen (koṣṭha)
• कोष्ठम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), एकवचनम्; Accusative singular

• कुर्यात्: should cause / should make
• कुर्यात्: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; ‘should do/make’

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (emphatic particle)

• पित्तजैवसा: by pitta-born (cause)
• पित्तजैवसा: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पित्तज (प्रातिपदिक) + एवसा/एवस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः; स्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Instrumental singular qualifying (तृष्णा)

• या: which (thirst)
• या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Relative pronoun ‘which’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• पानातिपानोत्था: arising from (excess) drinking
• पानातिपानोत्था: Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पान (प्रातिपदिक) + अतिपान (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (पानात् अतिपानात् उत्था); स्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘arising from drinking/excess drinking’

• तीक्ष्णाग्रे: in/with sharp-pointed (state)
• तीक्ष्णाग्रे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीक्ष्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारयसमासः; नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Locative singular ‘in/with sharp tip/edge’ (contextual)

• स्नेहपाकजा: born from fat-digestion (oleation-cooking)
• स्नेहपाकजा: Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्नेह (प्रातिपदिक) + पाक (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः; स्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘born from digestion/cooking of fats’

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Pitta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Doṣa-prakopa from improper diet and processing; moderation as right conduct toward the body.

Vedantic Theme: Deha as instrument (sādhana) requiring sattvic regulation; suffering arises from guṇa/doṣa imbalance.

Application: Avoid overheating and over-processing of oily foods; reduce excessively pungent/sharp preparations; observe early signs of pitta aggravation (upward heat, gastric disturbance).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.154 (tṛṣṇā/roga-nidāna context); Garuda Purana 1.155 (madātyaya nidāna continues dietary/behavioral causation)

FAQs

What is the importance of pitta-related causes in Garuda Purana?

This verse frames disease causation through doṣa theory: upward-moving heat and dietary excess (especially alcohol and overly sharp/oily preparations) aggravate pitta and disturb the koṣṭha (digestive tract).

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

This specific verse is medical rather than afterlife-focused; it supports the broader Purāṇic theme that disciplined living and regulated diet preserve bodily balance, which in turn supports dharma and spiritual practice.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Avoid overheating the body and digestion, limit alcohol, and reduce overly pungent, heavily processed oily foods—especially if you show pitta signs like acidity, burning sensation, or inflammation.