Shloka 2

Devanagari script

वानप्रस्थो ब्रह्मचारी साग्निः सोपासनः क्षमी / अफालकृष्टेनाग्नींश्च पितृदेवातिथींस्तथा

Transliteration

vānaprastho brahmacārī sāgniḥ sopāsanaḥ kṣamī / aphālakṛṣṭenāgnīṃśca pitṛdevātithīṃstathā

Translation

वानप्रस्थो ब्रह्मचारी साग्निः सोपासनः क्षमी; अफालकृष्टेन लब्धेनान्नेनाग्नीन् पितॄन् देवान् अतिथींश्च यथाविधि तर्पयेत्।

Word by Word

• वानप्रस्थः: a vānaprastha
• वानप्रस्थः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानप्रस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• ब्रह्मचारी: celibate/student-like
• ब्रह्मचारी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मचारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणवत् (as apposition)

• स: with
• स: Sahakari (Accompaniment)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय (with)

• अग्निः: sacred fire
• अग्निः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (समासोत्तरपद)

• साग्निः: with (his) fire
• साग्निः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास (सह अग्निना); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण

• स: with
• स: Sahakari (Accompaniment)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय (with)

• उपासनः: worship/observance
• उपासनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (समासोत्तरपद)

• सोपासनः: with worship/observances
• सोपासनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + उपासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास (सह उपासनेन); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण

• क्षमी: forbearing
• क्षमी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षमिन्/क्षम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण

• अफाल: without a plough
• अफाल: Karana (Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ + फाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; (समासपूर्वपद) विशेषण

• कृष्टेन: cultivated/tilled
• कृष्टेन: Karana (Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन; विशेषण (of produce/means)

• अफालकृष्टेन: by (food) grown without ploughing
• अफालकृष्टेन: Karana (Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अफाल + कृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारयसमास (अफालं कृष्टम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन

• अग्नीन्: fires
• अग्नीन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• पितृ: ancestors
• पितृ: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; (समासपूर्वपद)

• देव: gods
• देव: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; (समासमध्यपद)

• अतिथीन्: guests
• अतिथीन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन (समासोत्तरपद)

• पितृदेवातिथीन्: ancestors, gods, and guests
• पितृदेवातिथीन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ + देव + अतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमास (पितरश्च देवाश्च अतिथयश्च); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (also)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Austerity with continuity: maintain agni and worship while living on non-agricultural, minimally harmful sustenance; uphold pitṛ-deva-atithi obligations.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-yoga in withdrawal: disciplined duties performed with restraint cultivate sattva and readiness for higher pursuit.

Application: Keep sacred fires, perform upāsanā, practice kṣamā; live on forest-gathered/untitled food (aphāla-kṛṣṭa) and regularly honor pitṛs, devas, and guests.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: hermitage/forest dwelling

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.102 (continued vānaprastha conduct)

Characters & Entities

• Agni
• Pitris
• Devas
• Atithi (Guest)

FAQs

What is the importance of honoring Pitris, Devas, and guests in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames ancestor-offerings, deity-worship, and hospitality as core duties that sustain dharma, especially for disciplined life-stages like brahmacarya and vānaprastha.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana teachings on death rituals and Pitṛ-kārya?

By emphasizing Pitṛ-honor alongside sacred fires and worship, it supports the broader Purāṇic principle that proper Pitṛ-kārya (ancestral rites) is a major dharmic obligation that benefits lineage continuity and post-death well-being.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Live with restraint and patience, keep regular worship, practice ethical sourcing of food/livelihood, and treat guests and elders/ancestors with consistent respect and care.