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Shloka 23

Purañjana Captivated by Lust; Time (Caṇḍavega) and Old Age (Kālakanyā) Begin the Siege

ततो विहतसङ्कल्पा कन्यका यवनेश्वरम् । मयोपदिष्टमासाद्य वव्रे नाम्ना भयं पतिम् ॥ २३ ॥

tato vihata-saṅkalpā kanyakā yavaneśvaram mayopadiṣṭam āsādya vavre nāmnā bhayaṁ patim

ततो मया विहतसङ्कल्पा सा कन्यका मयोपदिष्टं यवनेश्वरं नाम्ना भयं समासाद्य तं पतिं वव्रे॥

tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Kāla-sambandha (कालसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb), क्रम/अनन्तर (then/thereupon)
vihata-saṅkalpāwhose resolve was thwarted
vihata-saṅkalpā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvihata-saṅkalpa (प्रातिपदिक: vihata + saṅkalpa)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषार्थः: ‘vihataḥ saṅkalpaḥ yasyāḥ’ (sense: bahuvrīhi-like usage)
kanyakāthe maiden
kanyakā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkanyakā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
yavaneśvaramthe lord of the Yavanas
yavaneśvaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyavana-īśvara (प्रातिपदिक: yavana + īśvara)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (yavanānām īśvaraḥ)
mayāby me
mayā:
Karaṇa/Agent-in-passive (करण/कर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन
upadiṣṭamindicated, instructed (by me)
upadiṣṭam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-diś (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘instructed/pointed out’ (qualifying ‘yavaneśvaram’)
āsādyahaving approached
āsādya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-sad (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund), ‘having approached/attained’
vavrechose
vavre:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvṛ (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
nāmnāby name
nāmnā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन
bhayam(named) Bhaya, Fear
bhayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; नाम (appositional name)
patimhusband
patim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

Being the most perfect Vaiṣṇava, Śrī Nārada Muni is always willing to do good to others, even to one who curses him. Although Kālakanyā, the daughter of Time, was refused by Nārada Muni, she was given a shelter. Of course no one could give her shelter, but a Vaiṣṇava gives shelter somewhere to such an unfortunate girl. When jarā, or old age, attacks, everyone dwindles and deteriorates. In one stroke Nārada Muni gave shelter to Kālakanyā and counterattacked the ordinary karmīs. If one accepts the instructions of Nārada Muni, the ocean of fear ( bhaya ) can be very quickly removed by the grace of that great Vaiṣṇava.

K
Kanyakā
Y
Yavanendra (King of the Yavanas)
B
Bhaya (Fear)
N
Narrator/Allegorical guide (speaker within the story: 'mayā'—I)

FAQs

In this allegory, Bhaya (Fear) is the personified force that accompanies material life—especially as time, old age, and insecurity overtake one who is attached to worldly plans.

Her plan is frustrated, so—following the guidance given to her—she goes to the Yavana king and accepts Bhaya (Fear), indicating how fear becomes a “companion” when one remains bound to material identity.

When worldly schemes fail, fear often rises; the Bhagavatam’s remedy is to shift one’s shelter from changing circumstances to steady devotional remembrance and spiritual priorities.