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Shloka 25

Dhruva-vaṁśa Continuation: Utkala’s Renunciation, Aṅga’s Sacrifice, and the Birth of Vena

Prelude to Pṛthu

मैत्रेय उवाच अङ्गोऽश्वमेधं राजर्षिराजहार महाक्रतुम् । नाजग्मुर्देवतास्तस्मिन्नाहूता ब्रह्मवादिभि: ॥ २५ ॥

maitreya uvāca aṅgo ’śvamedhaṁ rājarṣir ājahāra mahā-kratum nājagmur devatās tasminn āhūtā brahma-vādibhiḥ

मैत्रेय उवाच—विदुर, राजर्षिरङ्गो महाक्रतुमश्वमेधं राजहार। तस्मिन् ब्रह्मवादिभिराहूताः देवताः सर्वथा नाजग्मुः, न च तत्र प्रादुर्भवन्॥

maitreyaḥMaitreya
maitreyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/speaker)
TypeNoun
Rootmaitreya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
aṅgaḥKing Aṅga
aṅgaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootaṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
aśvamedhamthe Aśvamedha (horse sacrifice)
aśvamedham:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootaśvamedha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
rājarṣiḥthe royal sage
rājarṣiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/apposition to aṅgaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (राजा च ऋषिः च)
ājahāraperformed; undertook
ājahāra:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Roothṛ (धातु) with ā- (उपसर्ग)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
mahā-kratumthe great sacrifice
mahā-kratum:
Karma (कर्म/object apposition to aśvamedham)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + kratu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महान् क्रतुः)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
ājagmuḥcame
ājagmuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु) with ā- (उपसर्ग)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन
devatāḥthe deities
devatāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdevatā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
tasminin that (sacrifice)
tasmin:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद्-प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
āhūtāḥhaving been invited
āhūtāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootāhūta (कृदन्त; √hū क्त with ā-)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; विशेषण (devatāḥ)
brahma-vādibhiḥby the expounders of the Veda (brāhmaṇas)
brahma-vādibhiḥ:
Karana (करण/agent-instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक) + vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (ब्रह्म वदन्ति इति)

A Vedic sacrifice is not an ordinary performance. The demigods used to participate in such sacrifices, and the animals sacrificed in such performances were reincarnated with new life. In this Age of Kali there are no powerful brāhmaṇas who can invite the demigods or give renewed life to animals. Formerly, the brāhmaṇas well conversant in Vedic mantras could show the potency of the mantras, but in this age, because there are no such brāhmaṇas, all such sacrifices are forbidden. The sacrifice in which horses were offered was called aśvamedha. Sometimes cows were sacrificed ( gavālambha ), not for eating purposes, but to give them new life in order to show the potency of the mantra. In this age, therefore, the only practical yajña is saṅkīrtana-yajña, or chanting of the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra twenty-four hours a day.

M
Maitreya
K
King Aṅga
D
devatās (demigods)
B
brahmavādīs (Vedic brāhmaṇas)

FAQs

This verse states that although the brāhmaṇas properly invited them, the demigods did not appear—indicating a disruption in divine cooperation with the sacrifice, foreshadowing problems in the kingdom and the consequences connected with Aṅga’s line.

Maitreya Ṛṣi is the speaker, narrating the history of King Aṅga and the unfolding events in Canto 4.

External ritual alone is not the final guarantee of spiritual success; divine grace and inner alignment with dharma are essential—encouraging sincerity, purity, and devotion rather than mere formal performance.