Sutra 7

Devanagari script

तेषां बाह्यं चारं छत्रभृङ्गारव्यजनपादुकासनयानवाहनोपग्राहिणस्तीक्ष्णा विद्युः ॥ कZ_०१.१२.०७ ॥

Transliteration

teṣāṃ bāhyaṃ cāraṃ chatrabhṛṅgāra-vyajana-pādukā-āsana-yāna-vāhana-upagrāhiṇas tīkṣṇā vidyuḥ

Translation

तेषां बाह्यं चारं छत्रभृङ्गारव्यजनपादुकासनयानवाहनोपग्राहिणः तीक्ष्णाः विदुः।

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of them (of those)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (Gen. pl.), पुं/नपुं (contextual)

• बाह्यम्: the external (service/operation)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: बाह्य
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् नपुंसकलिङ्गम् (Acc. sg. n.)

• चारम्: espionage; spy service
• Type: Noun
• Root: चार
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् पुंलिङ्गम् (Acc. sg. m.)

• छत्रभृङ्गारव्यजनपादुकासनयानवाहनोपग्राहिणः: those who act as attendants handling (royal) umbrella, casket/box, fan, footwear, seat, palanquin and vehicles
• Type: Noun (agent noun)
• Root: उप-ग्रह् (उपग्राहिन्)
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् पुंलिङ्गम् (Nom. pl. m.); ‘-इन्’ प्रत्ययान्त (उपग्राहिन्)

• तीक्ष्णाः: the sharp/keen (agents)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: तीक्ष्ण
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् पुंलिङ्गम् (Nom. pl. m.)

• विद्युः: should know / should ascertain
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (विद् ज्ञाने)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/optative-like injunctive use), परस्मैपदम्, 3rd person plural: ‘let them know/ascertain’

Entities Mentioned

• tīkṣṇāḥ (sharp agents)
• service suppliers/attendants

More Details

FAQs

Why use suppliers of everyday luxury and transport for intelligence?

They have routine, legitimate access and can observe visitors, schedules, spending patterns, and unusual preparations without raising suspicion.

What does ‘bāhya’ (external) distinguish here?

It separates outward-facing monitoring (public movements, logistics, visitors) from inner-household penetration described later as ‘ābhyantara’.