Shloka 5

आत्यन्तिक-लयहेतुः: तापत्रय-विवेचनम् तथा ‘भगवान्/वासुदेव’ शब्दार्थः

Threefold Suffering and the Path to Final Liberation; Meaning of Bhagavān and Vāsudeva

Devanagari script

कामक्रोधभयद्वेषलोभमोहविषादजः शोकासूयावमानेर्ष्यामात्सर्यादिभवस् तथा

Transliteration

kāmakrodhabhayadveṣalobhamohaviṣādajaḥ śokāsūyāvamānerṣyāmātsaryādibhavas tathā

Translation

Из желания рождаются гнев, страх и ненависть; из алчности — омрачение и уныние. Так же возникают скорбь, зависть, унижение, ревность, злоба и прочие — это и есть страдания ума.

Word by Word

• कामक्रोधभयद्वेषलोभमोहविषादजः: arising from desire, anger, fear, hatred, greed, delusion, despondency
• कामक्रोधभयद्वेषलोभमोहविषादजः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक) + क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक) + भय (प्रातिपदिक) + द्वेष (प्रातिपदिक) + लोभ (प्रातिपदिक) + मोह (प्रातिपदिक) + विषाद (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—कामादिभ्यः जातः (arising from desire, anger, fear, hatred, greed, delusion, despondency)

• शोकासूयावमानेर्ष्यामात्सर्यादिभवः: arising from grief, envy, humiliation, jealousy, malice, etc.
• शोकासूयावमानेर्ष्यामात्सर्यादिभवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक) + असूया (प्रातिपदिक) + अवमान (प्रातिपदिक) + ईर्ष्या (प्रातिपदिक) + मात्सर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक) + भव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—शोकादिभ्यः भवः (arising from grief, envy, humiliation, jealousy, malice, etc.)

• तथा: and likewise
• तथा: Discourse connector (समुच्चय/अन्वय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (connector: ‘and also/likewise’)

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Enumeration of mental afflictions arising from kāma and lobha (and related inner enemies)

Teaching: Ethical

Quality: penetrating and admonitory

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Mental suffering proliferates from desire and greed into anger, fear, hatred, delusion, sorrow, jealousy, and malice—binding the mind to saṃsāra.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Identify the root impulse (kāma/lobha) before it branches into reactive emotions; apply restraint, satsanga, and Hari-smaraṇa to dissolve the chain.

Vishishtadvaita: By mapping inner enemies as causes of bondage, the verse supports the need for the Lord’s grace and devotion as the mind’s purifier, aligning the jīva’s will to its śeṣatva (servanthood) to God.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Hari

Bhakti Type: Shanta

FAQs

What is the significance of desire (kāma) in this Vishnu Purana verse?

It is presented as a root impulse that generates further suffering-causing states like anger, fear, and hatred, forming a cascade of bondage in the mind.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the chain of mental afflictions here?

He lists a causal sequence: desire leads to reactive emotions, greed leads to delusion and despair, and from these arise sorrow, envy, jealousy, and malice—showing how one vice multiplies into many.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

By diagnosing the causes of inner turmoil, the text implies the need for dharmic restraint and purified devotion—conditions under which the mind can turn steadily toward Vishnu as the supreme refuge.