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Shloka 88

अर्जुनस्य अन्त्येष्टि, द्वारकाप्लावनम्, कलिप्रवेशः, कालोपदेशः

विज्ञाय न बुधाः शोकं न हर्षम् उपयान्ति ये तेषाम् एवेतरे चेष्टां शिक्षन्तः सन्ति तादृशाः

vijñāya na budhāḥ śokaṃ na harṣam upayānti ye teṣām evetare ceṣṭāṃ śikṣantaḥ santi tādṛśāḥ

Постигнув истину вещей, мудрые не впадают ни в скорбь, ни в восторг; и другие, сходные по природе, учась у них, перенимают тот же образ поведения.

vijñāyahaving understood
vijñāya:
Kriya (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvi-jñā (धातु) + lyap (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/ल्यप्) — ‘having known/understanding’
nanot
na:
Sambandha (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
budhāḥthe wise
budhāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbudha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
śokamgrief
śokam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśoka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
nanor; not
na:
Sambandha (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
harṣamjoy
harṣam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootharṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
upayāntiapproach; fall into
upayānti:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-yā (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
yewho
ye:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन — relative pronoun
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन — ‘of them’
evaindeed; only
eva:
Sambandha (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
itareothers
itare:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootitara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन — ‘others’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
ceṣṭāmconduct; behaviour
ceṣṭām:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootceṣṭā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
śikṣantaḥlearning
śikṣantaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootśikṣ (धातु) + śatṛ (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन — ‘learning’
santiare
santi:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
tādṛśāḥsuch; of that kind
tādṛśāḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottādṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन — agreeing with (itare)

Sage Parāśara (in instruction to Maitreya)

Concept: Those who discern reality remain even-minded, untouched by grief or exhilaration, and their steadiness becomes a model for others.

Vedantic Theme: Atman

Application: Cultivate reflective discernment (viveka) and learn from exemplars of calm conduct; practice measured responses to success and loss.

Vishishtadvaita: Equanimity arises from knowing the self’s dependence on the Lord and the contingency of material states, supporting steady bhakti and surrender.

Vishnu Form: Para-Brahman

Bhakti Type: Shanta

S
Sage Parāśara
M
Maitreya
T
the wise (budhāḥ)

FAQs

This verse presents equanimity as a hallmark of true understanding: the wise remain steady amid pleasure and pain, reflecting a dharmic mind aligned with the higher reality that governs change.

He indicates that the wise do not merely teach by words; their stable conduct becomes a living standard that others learn from and naturally imitate.

Though Vishnu is not named in the verse, the teaching supports Vaishnava theology: steadiness arises from insight into the Supreme order (ultimately grounded in Vishnu), making worldly highs and lows secondary.