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Shloka 57

Cosmic Appointments, Viṣṇu’s Vibhūtis, Fourfold Operation, and the Symbolism of Ornaments and Weapons

ततो मनुष्याः पशवो मृगपक्षिसरीसृपाः न्यूना न्यूनतराश् चैव वृक्षगुल्मादयस् ततः

tato manuṣyāḥ paśavo mṛgapakṣisarīsṛpāḥ nyūnā nyūnatarāś caiva vṛkṣagulmādayas tataḥ

Затем появились люди; потом животные; затем олени, птицы и пресмыкающиеся — каждый последующий разряд менее одарён, чем предыдущий; а после них возникли деревья, кустарники и прочие. Так, по владычному установлению Вишну, способности и место в космическом порядке распределялись ступенями.

ततःthereafter, from that
ततः:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअपादान/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (from that; thereafter)
मनुष्याःhumans
मनुष्याः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
पशवःanimals, cattle
पशवः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
मृगपक्षिसरीसृपाःbeasts, birds, and reptiles
मृगपक्षिसरीसृपाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक) + पक्षि (प्रातिपदिक) + सरीसृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (मृगाः च पक्षिणः च सरीसृपाः च)
न्यूनाःlesser
न्यूनाः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootन्यून (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; विशेषण (वृक्षगुल्मादयः)
न्यूनतराःstill lesser
न्यूनतराः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootन्यूनतर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; तरप्-प्रत्यय (comparative)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
वृक्षगुल्मादयःtrees, shrubs, and others
वृक्षगुल्मादयः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + गुल्म (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (वृक्षाः च गुल्माः च) + आदि (and others)
ततःthereafter
ततः:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअपादान/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (from that; thereafter)

Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)

FAQs

It presents creation as an ordered hierarchy where successive forms of life are described as comparatively less endowed, emphasizing a structured cosmic arrangement rather than randomness.

Parāśara lists categories of beings arising “thereafter” in a descending gradation—humans, animals, birds/reptiles, and then vegetation—framing creation as sequential and systematically differentiated.

Even when not named explicitly in the verse, the Vishnu Purana’s creation account is grounded in Viṣṇu’s supreme governance: the hierarchy and distribution of capacities among beings reflect His sustaining cosmic sovereignty.