Vamana Purana — Caturmasya Observances, Shloka 20

The Cāturmāsya Observances and the Sleeping–Awakening Cycle of the Gods (Hari–Hara Worship)

Devanagari script

कामिनश्चाप्यमन्यन्त साधु चन्द्रमसा कृतम् यदियं रजनी रम्या कृता सततकौमुदी

Transliteration

kāminaścāpyamanyanta sādhu candramasā kṛtam yadiyaṃ rajanī ramyā kṛtā satatakaumudī

Translation

Even lovers (kāminas) thought it a fine deed done by the Moon, in that this delightful night has been made into the ‘Satatakaumudī’—a night of abundant moonlight.

Word by Word

• kāminaḥ: lovers / amorous people
• kāminaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāmin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय (conjunction)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात; ‘also’

• amanyanta: they thought / considered
• amanyanta: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: man (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद (manyate)

• sādhu: well / rightly
• sādhu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — adverbial qualifier
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sādhu (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) ‘well, rightly’

• candramasā: by the Moon
• candramasā: Karana (करण) / Karta-instrumental (कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: candramas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• kṛtam: done / made
• kṛtam: Karma (कर्म) — predicate of implied ‘this’
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛ (धातु) + ta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; used predicatively ‘done/made’

• yad: since / because
• yad: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बन्धबोधक अव्यय (relative particle) introducing reason: ‘since/that’

• iyam: this (f.)
• iyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• rajanī: night
• rajanī: Karta (कर्ता) — appositional
• Type: Noun
• Root: rajanī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; apposition to iyam

• ramyā: lovely
• ramyā: Karta (कर्ता) — predicate adjective
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ramya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; agrees with rajanī

• kṛtā: made
• kṛtā: Karta (कर्ता) — predicate adjective
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛ (धातु) + ta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; agrees with rajanī

• satata-kaumudī: having continuous moonlight
• satata-kaumudī: Karta (कर्ता) — qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: satata (प्रातिपदिक) + kaumudī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: सतता चासौ कौमुदी (कर्मधारय); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; qualifies rajanī

Speakers

• Likely within the Pulastya–Nārada dialogue framework (chapter-level narrative)
• describing an observance/night’s sanctity

Primary Deities

• Candra (Moon)

Key Themes

• Vrata/Rituals
• Festival timing
• Auspicious lunar night
• Bhakti (praise of a deity-form: Candra)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shringara", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse frames natural cosmic order (the Moon’s waxing brilliance) as a beneficent act that supports joy and harmony; it encourages seeing the cosmos as sacral and gratitude-worthy, a mood that underlies ritual observances tied to lunar time.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is not sarga/pratisarga material; it aligns best with dharma/ācāra-style instruction commonly embedded in Purāṇas, and can be indexed under ancillary vrata/kalpa material rather than the five primary lakṣaṇas.

What is the symbolic significance?

‘Satatakaumudī’ symbolizes overflowing clarity and delight—moonlight as a metaphor for sattva, cooling grace, and the mind made luminous for devotion and auspicious acts.