Shloka 35

Devanagari script

शङ्कया त्वेतया चेह दृष्ट्वा त्वामपि राघव।नोपसर्पाम्यहं भीतो भये सर्वे हि बिभ्यति।।

Transliteration

śaṅkayā tv etayā ceha dṛṣṭvā tvām api rāghava | nopasarpāmy ahaṃ bhīto bhaye sarve hi bibhyati ||

Translation

И потому, о Рагхава, из-за этого подозрения, увидев даже тебя здесь, я не приблизился, охваченный страхом; ведь когда приходит страх, все существа дрожат.

Word by Word

• शङ्कया: with suspicion
• शङ्कया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शङ्का (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, एकवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental Singular)

• तु: but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), विरोध/विशेष (but/indeed)

• एतया: by this
• एतया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-विशेषण, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, एकवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + क्त्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), ‘having seen’

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, एकवचन, द्वितीया (Accusative Singular)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), ‘also/even’

• राघव: O Raghava
• राघव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सम्बोधन (Vocative Singular)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• उपसर्पामि: approach
• उपसर्पामि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-सर्‍प् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन (1st person singular)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative Singular)

• भीतः: afraid
• भीतः: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भी (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative Singular)

• भये: in fear/out of fear
• भये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सप्तमी (Locative Singular)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative Plural)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चय (indeed/for)

• बिभ्यति: fear
• बिभ्यति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भी (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन (3rd person plural)

Context

'It is because of suspicion that I did not approach you. Every one is scared when there is ample reason to fear.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Rāghava (Rāma)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes prudent caution: fear can cloud judgment, so one must move carefully until truth and intent are understood—yet also be honest about one’s hesitation.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva explains why he initially kept distance from Rāma—he feared deception or danger due to his past experience with Vāli.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Candor (satya in speech) paired with prudence—Sugrīva admits his fear rather than hiding it.